Adipose tissue dysfunction markers in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome

Aim. To examine the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and metabolic dysfunction in obese patients.

Methods. The study included 66 male patients aged 53±5.11 years with previously diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2). Cardiorespiratory monitoring, 24-hour blood pressure monitoring was performed in all patients; low density lipoprotein, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, total cholesterol and glucose blood levels, as well as adiponectin and leptin blood concentrations were measured in all patients.

Results. Blood pressure level and leptin blood concentration were significantly higher in patients with severe form of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. There was no statistically significant relationship found between the lipid profile parameters and other adipokines and the severity of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The data analysis also revealed association between the elevated levels of leptin and the classic cardiovascular risk factors - arterial hypertension and low density lipoprotein level.

Conclusion. The revealed associations may indicate the additional role of leptin as the biochemical marker of early development of obstructive breathing sleep disorders in patients with abdominal obesity, as well as the early manifestation of other components of metabolic syndrome - arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia with concomitant significant increase in cardiovascular risk.