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Anomalous features of the geomagnetic field behavior at the end of the Cretaceous normal superchron based on the results of the study of the Turonian–Santonian in the Southwestern Crimea

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1.	Title	Title of document	Anomalous features of the geomagnetic field behavior at the end of the Cretaceous normal superchron based on the results of the study of the Turonian–Santonian in the Southwestern Crimea
2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	A.  Yu. Guzhikov; Saratov State University; Russian Federation
2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	E. Yu. Baraboshkin; Moscow State University; Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federation
2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	I.  P.  Ryabov; Saratov State University; Russian Federation
2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	M.  A.  Ustinova; Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federation
2.	Creator	Author's name, affiliation, country	V.  S.  Vishnevskaya; Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences; Russian Federation
3.	Subject	Discipline(s)
3.	Subject	Keyword(s)	paleomagnetism; fine structure of the field; Cretaceous normal polarity superchron; magnetostratigraphy; Upper Cretaceous; Turonian; Coniacian; Santonian; benthic foraminifera; calcareous nannoplankton; gilianelles; ammonites
4.	Description	Abstract	In 394 samples characterizing 266 stratigraphic levels in four Turonian–Santonian sections in the Southwestern Crimea, characteristic remanent magnetization components (ChRM) formed at the stage of diagenesis is identified. The data obtained represent the record of the Paleocene geomagnetic variations of high amplitude (rms deviation S = 25.9° with a fixed cut-off angle of 45°, which is about twice as high as the model S for this latitude) in the sediments formed in ~5–6 Ma and are interpreted as anomalous behavior of the geomagnetic field in the Turonian, Coniacian, and Santonian.
5.	Publisher	Organizing agency, location	The Russian Academy of Sciences
6.	Contributor	Sponsor(s)	Russian Science Foundation (22-17-00091)
7.	Date	(DD-MM-YYYY)	15.02.2024
8.	Type	Status & genre	Peer-reviewed Article
8.	Type	Type	Research Article
9.	Format	File format
10.	Identifier	Uniform Resource Identifier	https://journals.eco-vector.com/0002-3337/article/view/658197
10.	Identifier	Digital Object Identifier (DOI)	10.31857/S0002333724010024
10.	Identifier	eLIBRARY Document Number (EDN)	ENRCRH
11.	Source	Title; vol., no. (year)	Физика Земли; No 1 (2024)
12.	Language	English=en	ru
13.	Relation	Supp. Files	Fig. 1. Geological diagram of the study area indicating the locations of the studied sections and outcrops. The geological diagram of the Chuku Mountain area is given according to [Yudin, 2020]. (1MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261498 Fig. 2. Photographs of the studied outcrops in the Chuku section: (a) – outcrop. 3175 (upper Santonian); (b) – rev. 3177 (samples 1–47) (lower(?)-upper Santonian); (c) – rev. 3180 (upper Santonian); (d) – obl. 3176 (santon?); (e) – Aksu-Dere section (outcrop 3168, upper Turonian–Coniacian and lower upper Santonian); (e) – Kizil-Chigir section (outcrop 3172, boundary between the Turonian and Campanian. (3MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261499 Fig. 3. Magnetostratigraphic characteristics of the Turonian–Santonian sections Kizil-Chigir, Aksu-Dere and Kudrino-2. Conventions. Lithology: I – limestones, II – silty limestones, III – marls, IV – highly clayey marls, V – clays, VI – hardground surfaces. Polarity: 1 – straight; 2 – reverse; 3 – abnormal; 4 – lack of polarity data. Graphs by sections: 5 – magnetic susceptibility (K); 6 – natural residual magnetization (Jn); 7 – paleomagnetic declination (D) and inclination (I); 8 – average values of paleomagnetic vectors for samples from the same level (circles and squares correspond to the ranges 285° (1MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261500 Fig. 4. Magnetostratigraphic characteristics of the Turonian(?) and Santonian sections in the area of Chuku. For symbols, see Fig. 3. In update 3177 wavy lines delimit gaps in exposure, the thickness of which is shown out of scale. The relative positions of outcrops 3176, 3175, 3176 and 3177 are shown in Fig. 10. (1MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261501 Fig. 5. Results of magneto-mineralogical studies: (a) – magnetic saturation and destruction curves; (b) – Day diagram (SD, PSD and MD – areas of single-domain, pseudo-single-domain and multi-domain particles, respectively); (c) – thermomagnetic analysis curves (red and blue colors – heating and cooling, respectively); (d) – data on the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility: stereogram of projections of long (K1), medium (K2) and short (K3) AMF axes with confidence ovals in the paleogeographic coordinate system and P–T diagrams (P – anisotropy index, positive and negative values T indicate flattened and elongated shapes of ferromagnetic particles, respectively); n – number of samples in the sample. (1MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261502 Fig. 6. Typical results of component analysis (polar stereo projections, Zijderveld diagrams, demagnetization graphs). All data are presented in the stratigraphic coordinate system. Legend: projections of Jn onto the lower hemisphere 1, onto the horizontal 2 and vertical 3 planes (1MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261503 Fig. 7. Polar stereo projections of ChRM along sections/outcrops in geographic (top) and stratigraphic (bottom) coordinate systems: Aksu-Dere section (outcrop 3168): Upper Turonian–Coniacian (a) and Upper Santonian (b); Kizil-Chigir section (outcrops 3186, 3172), Lower–Middle Turonian (c); Kudrino-2 (outcrop 3184), upper parts of the Upper Santonian (d); Chuku section: ext. 3177 (samples 1–47) (lower?)–upper Santonian (e); update 3177 (samples 48–78), upper Santonian (e); update 3181 (w); update 3175(h); update 3180(i). Legend: 1 – ChRM projections onto the upper hemisphere; 2 – projections of average paleomagnetic directions with confidence circles (α95); 3 and 4 – projections of the direction of magnetization reversal by the modern field onto the lower and upper hemispheres, respectively. For other symbols, see Fig. 6. (996KB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261504 Fig. 8. Diagram illustrating the hypothetical dependence of the scatter of paleo-magnetic vectors on the intensity of deformation of layers in a fold of underwater sliding, provided that ChRM is a stabilized vector sum of the pre- (C1) and post-deformation (C2) magnetization components, and the geomagnetic field vector (T ) is unchanged (a) and a diagram illustrating the empirical relationship between the angle Δ subtended by the ChRM at each level with the average ChRM across the sec-tion/outcrop and the bed dip angle. (878KB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261505 Fig. 9. Polar stereo projections with average ChRMs for sites (sections and/or outcrops) in geographic (a) and stratigraphic (b) coordinate systems. (511KB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261506 Fig. 10. Schematic summary magnetochronological section of the Turonian–Santonian of the SW Crimea. For symbols, see Fig. 3. For update. 3176 only the Turonian part is shown. (905KB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261507 Fig. 11. VGP trajectories for different age sections: (a) – early–middle Turonian; (b) – late Turonian–Coniacian; (c) – early(?)–late Santonian; (d) – late Santonian; (e) – end of the Late Santonian; (e) – Santonian–Campanian boundary interval. Legend: initial (1) and final (2) points of VGP trajectories. (2MB) doi: 10.31857/S0002-33372024111-36-4261508
14.	Coverage	Geo-spatial location, chronological period, research sample (gender, age, etc.)
15.	Rights	Copyright and permissions	Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences