Problems of global geodynamics

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Abstract

Global geodynamics is determined by thermal convection in the mantle which manifests itself on the surface by movements, relief, heat flow, and volcanism. Thermal convection in the Earth is complicated by the fact that the lithosphere is broken into rigid plates, the crust is broken into six separate floating continents and a number of islands, on the mantle bottom there are two giant piles of heavy material, at high convection intensity the ascending convective flows acquire a plume shape, and phase transformations take place in the mantle. The impacts of many factors on the mantle structure have been thoroughly studied and fairly well understood. It is pertinent to reconcile the new data on phase transformations at depths of 650 to 700 km with the seismic data on the positions of these boundaries. The ultimate problem of global geodynamics has not yet been solved; the three-dimensional structure of the whole-mantle flows, consistent with the observations in geophysics, geochemistry, geology, and numerical modeling, is not known even on a semischematic level.

About the authors

V. P. Trubitsyn

Institute of the Earth Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Earthquake Prediction Theory and Mathematical Geophysics

Author for correspondence.
Email: trub@ifz.ru
Russian Federation, Bolshaya Gruzinskaya str., 10-1, Moscow 123242, Russia; 84/32, Profsoyuznaya street, Moscow, 117997

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