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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Известия РАН. Физика атмосферы и океана</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0002-3515</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6487</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">658290</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0002351523040053</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YNCBRI</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Seasonal Hydrodynamic Forecasts of INM-CM5 Model for Estimation of the Start of the Birch Pollen Season</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Использование сезонных гидродинамических прогнозов модели INM-CM5 для оценки сроков начала пыления березы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Emelina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Емелина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khan</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хан</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vorobyeva</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воробьева</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasevich</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасевич</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volodin</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Володин</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>tkachuzn@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Hydrometeorological Center of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Гидрометцентр России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Numerical Mathematics RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт вычислительной математики РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики атмосферы им. А.М. Обухова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт географии РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>59</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>407</fpage><lpage>416</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-20"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, С.В. Емелина, В.М. Хан, В.А. Семенов, В.В. Воробьева, М.А. Тарасевич, Е.М. Володин</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, С.В. Емелина, В.М. Хан, В.А. Семенов, В.В. Воробьева, М.А. Тарасевич, Е.М. Володин</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">С.В. Емелина, В.М. Хан, В.А. Семенов, В.В. Воробьева, М.А. Тарасевич, Е.М. Володин</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">С.В. Емелина, В.М. Хан, В.А. Семенов, В.В. Воробьева, М.А. Тарасевич, Е.М. Володин</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0002-3515/article/view/658290">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0002-3515/article/view/658290</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324146224">The experimental seasonal forecasts of the INM-CM5 climate model were used as input data for the temperature-time phenological model of birch dusting. Within the framework of the joint model, a test technology was developed for seasonal forecasting of the timing of the beginning of birch dusting in the European territory of Russia. Verification of this technology on seasonal retrospective forecasts of the INM-CM5 model (1991–2019) showed an adequate reproduction of the birch dusting start dates calculated for the same period according to the ERA5 reanalysis. The mean systematic errors are ±2 days, and the spatial correlation coefficients are above +0.84. The forecasts of the date of dusting start in 2022, calculated from the experimental operational seasonal forecasts of the INM-CM5 model with a monthly lead-time and with a zero lead-time, are also evaluated. It is shown that the errors in forecasting the beginning of dusting are ±5–10 days, and the forecasts with a one-month lead-time have fewer errors. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the seasonal forecast of the surface temperature of the INM-CM5 model can be used as input information for the temperature-time phenological model for the operational forecast of the timing of the start of birch dusting in the European territory of Russia.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324144592">Экспериментальные сезонные прогнозы модели климата INM-CM5 использовались как входные данные для температурно-временной фенологической модели пыления березы. В рамках совместной модели разработана тестовая технология сезонного прогноза сроков начала пыления березы на европейской территории России. Верификация данной технологии на сезонных ретроспективных прогнозах модели INM-CM5 (1991–2019) показала адекватное воспроизведение дат начала пыления березы, рассчитанных за аналогичный период по реанализу ERA5. Средние систематические ошибки составляют ±2 дня, коэффициенты пространственной корреляции выше +0.84. Также оценены прогнозы даты начала пыления в 2022 году, рассчитанные по экспериментальным оперативным сезонным прогнозам модели INM-CM5 с месячной заблаговременностью и с нулевой заблаговременностью. Показано, что ошибки прогноза начала пыления составляют ±5–10 дней, причем у прогнозов с месячной заблаговременностью ошибки меньше. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать вывод, что сезонный прогноз приземной температуры модели INM-CM5 можно использовать в качестве входной информации для температурно-временной фенологической модели для оперативного прогноза сроков начала пыления березы на европейской территории России.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seasonal forecast</kwd><kwd>start of the pollen season</kwd><kwd>phenological model</kwd><kwd>birch pollen</kwd><kwd>INM-CM5 model</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сезонный прогноз</kwd><kwd>сроки пыления березы</kwd><kwd>фенологическая модель</kwd><kwd>пыльца березы</kwd><kwd>модель INM-CM5</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Богова А.В., Ильина Н.И., Лусс Л.В. Тенденции в изучении эпидемиологии аллергических заболеваний в России за последние 10 лет // Российский аллергологический журн. 2008. № 6. 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