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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Astronomy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Astronomy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Астрономический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0004-6299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">647502</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0004629923020056</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">CJTMWJ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Neutrino Spectra of Magneto-Rotational Supernovae and Observations Using Large-Volume Telescopes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Спектры нейтрино магниторотационных сверхновых и наблюдения с помощью телескопов большого объема</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratyev</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьев</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vkondrat@theor.jinr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherubini</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кэрубини</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vkondrat@theor.jinr.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Bogolyubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Лаборатория Теоретической физики им. Н.Н. Боголюбова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Dubna State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Государственный университет “Дубна”</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Physics and Astronomy “Ettore Majorana”, University of Catania</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Факультет физики и астрономии “Этторе Майорана”, Университет Катании</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-02-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>166</fpage><lpage>172</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, В.Н. Кондратьев, С. Кэрубини</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, В.Н. Кондратьев, С. Кэрубини</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">В.Н. Кондратьев, С. Кэрубини</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">В.Н. Кондратьев, С. Кэрубини</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647502">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647502</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The dynamics of neutrinos in hot and dense magnetized matter, corresponding to a magneto-rotational explosion of supernovae, is considered. It is shown that the effective collisions of neutrinos in a magnetized nucleon gas, due to the Gamow–Teller component of the neutral current, change from exo- to endo-energetic scattering, when the neutrino energy becomes approximately four times higher than the temperature of the substance. Correspondingly, the energy transfer cross section in the neutrino kinetics changes from positive to negative values under these conditions. For realistic parameters of supernovae, the considered effects lead to an increase in the hardness of the neutrino spectra. The possibilities of detecting supernova neutrinos by large-volume observatories KM3NeT and Baikal-GVD are discussed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181325023952">Рассмотрена динамика нейтрино в горячем и плотном намагниченном веществе, соответствующем магниторотационному взрыву сверхновых. Показано, что эффективные столкновения нейтрино в намагниченном нуклонном газе, обусловленные гамов-теллеровским компонентом нейтрального тока, изменяются от экзо- к эндоэнергетическому рассеянию, когда энергия нейтрино становится выше температуры вещества примерно в четыре раза. Соответственно, сечение передачи энергии в кинетике нейтрино изменяется с положительных на отрицательные значения при этих условиях. Для реалистичных параметров сверхновых рассмотренные эффекты приводят к усилению жесткости спектров нейтрино. Обсуждаются возможности детектирования нейтрино сверхновых обсерваториями больших объемов: KM3NeT и Baikal-GVD.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nuclear astrophysics</kwd><kwd>supernovae</kwd><kwd>neutrinos</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ядерная астрофизика</kwd><kwd>сверхновые</kwd><kwd>нейтрино</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>G. S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan Stellar Physics (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2011).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>S. A. Colgate, R. H. White, Astrophys. J. 143, 626 (1966).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>H. A. Bethe, H. A. Wilson, Astrophys. J. 295, 14 (1985).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>S. G. Moiseenko, G. S. 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