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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Astronomy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Astronomy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Астрономический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0004-6299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">647596</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0004629923120071</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DDFKCK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND KINEMATICS OF DENSE CORES ASSOCIATED WITH REGIONS OF MASSIVE STAR FORMATION FROM THE SOUTHERN SKY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физические свойства и кинематика плотных ядер, связанных с областями образования массивных звезд южного неба</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirogov</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирогов</surname><given-names>Л. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>pirogov@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyanukha</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Землянуха</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>pirogov@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dombek</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Домбек</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>pirogov@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>pirogov@appl.sci-nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт прикладной физики РАН им. А.В. Гапонова-Грехова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff id="aff2"><institution>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Space and Astronomy</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-12-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1217</fpage><lpage>1244</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Л.Е. Пирогов, П.М. Землянуха, Е.М. Домбек, М.А. Воронков</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Л.Е. Пирогов, П.М. Землянуха, Е.М. Домбек, М.А. Воронков</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Л.Е. Пирогов, П.М. Землянуха, Е.М. Домбек, М.А. Воронков</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Л.Е. Пирогов, П.М. Землянуха, Е.М. Домбек, М.А. Воронков</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647596">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647596</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45257549024304">The results of spectral observations in the \( \sim {\kern 1pt} 84{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 92\) GHz frequency range of six objects from the southern sky having dense cores and associated with massive star and star cluster forming regions are presented. The observations are carried out with the MOPRA-22m radio telescope. Within the framework of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) approximation, column densities and abundances of the H<sup>13</sup>CN, H<sup>13</sup>CO<sup><italic>+</italic></sup>, HN<sup>13</sup>C, HC<sub>3</sub>N, c-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, SiO, CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H and CH<sub>3</sub>CN molecules are calculated. Kinetic temperatures (\( \sim 30{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 50\) K), sizes of emission regions (\( \sim 0.2{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 3.1\) pc) and virial mass esimates (\( \sim 70{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 4600{\kern 1pt} {{M}_{ \odot }}\)) are obtained. The linewidths in the three cores decrease with increasing distance from the center. Four cores exhibit asymmetry in the profiles of the optically thick HCO<sup>+</sup>(1–0) and HCN(1–0) lines, indicating the presence of systematic motions in the line of sight. In two cases, the asymmetry can be caused by contraction of gas. The model HCO<sup>+</sup>(1–0) and H<sup>13</sup>CO<sup>+</sup>(1–0) spectral maps obtained within the non-LTE spherically symmetric model are fitted into observed ones. Radial density (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{ - 1.6}}}\)), turbulent velocity (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{ - 0.2}}}\)) and contraction velocity (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{0.5}}}\)) profiles in the G268.42–0.85 core are obtained. The contraction velocity radial profile differs from expected both in the case of free fall of gas onto a protostar (\({{r}^{{ - 0.5}}}\)), and in the case of global core collapse (contraction velocity does not depend on distance). A discussion of the results obtained is provided.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257549022752">Представлены результаты спектральных наблюдений в диапазоне частот \( \sim 84{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 92\) ГГц шести объектов южного неба, содержащих плотные ядра, и связанных с областями образования массивных звезд и звездных скоплений. Наблюдения проведены с помощью радиотелескопа MOPRA-22m. В рамках приближения локального термодинамического равновесия (ЛТР) рассчитаны концентрации на луче зрения и распространенности молекул H<sup>13</sup>CN, H<sup>13</sup>CO<sup>+</sup>, HN<sup>13</sup>C, HC<sub>3</sub>N, c-C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, SiO, CH<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>H и CH<sub>3</sub>CN. Получены оценки кинетических температур (\( \sim 30{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 50\) K), размеров областей излучения (\( \sim 0.2{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 3.1\) пк) и вириальных масс (\( \sim {\kern 1pt} 70{\kern 1pt} - {\kern 1pt} 4600 {{M}_{ \odot }}\)). Ширины линий в трех ядрах уменьшаются с увеличением расстояния от центра. В четырех ядрах наблюдается асимметрия профилей оптически толстых линий HCO<sup>+</sup>(1–0) и HCN(1–0), указывающая на наличие систематических движений на луче зрения. В двух случаях характер асимметрии может быть вызван сжатием газа. Проведено вписывание модельных спектральных карт HCO<sup>+</sup>(1–0), H<sup>13</sup>CO<sup>+</sup>(1–0), полученных в рамках не-ЛТР сферически-симметричной модели, в наблюдаемые. Рассчитаны радиальные профили плотности (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{ - 1.6}}}\)), турбулентной скорости (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{ - 0.2}}}\)) и скорости сжатия (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{0.5}}}\)) в ядре G268.42–0.85. Профиль скорости сжатия отличается от ожидаемого как в случае свободного падения газа на протозвезду (\( \propto {\kern 1pt} {{r}^{{ - 0.5}}}\)), так и в случае глобального коллапса ядра (скорость сжатия не зависит от расстояния). Приведено обсуждение полученных результатов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>star formation</kwd><kwd>molecular clouds</kwd><kwd>dense cores</kwd><kwd>molecular lines</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>звездообразование</kwd><kwd>молекулярные облака</kwd><kwd>плотные ядра</kwd><kwd>молекулярные линии</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>J. C. Tan, M. T. Beltrán, P. Caselli, F. Fontani, A. Fuente, M. R. Krumholz, C. F. McKee, and A. Stolte, Protostars and Planets VI, edited by H. Beuther, R. S. Klessen, C. P. Dullemond, and T. 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