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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Astronomy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Astronomy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Астрономический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0004-6299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">647627</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0004629923110099</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">FWNACW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">STATISTICS OF THERMAL PLASMA PARAMETERS AND NON-THERMAL X-RAY SPECTRA OF SOLAR FLARES WITH HELIOSEISMIC RESPONSE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Статистика параметров тепловой плазмы и нетепловых рентгеновских спектров солнечных вспышек с гелиосейсмическим откликом</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharykin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарыкин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ivan.sharykin@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zimovets</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зимовец</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ivan.sharykin@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosovichev</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косовичев</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ivan.sharykin@phystech.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Space Research Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">New Jersey Institute of Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Технологический институт Нью-Джерси</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>11</issue><fpage>1081</fpage><lpage>1102</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, И.Н. Шарыкин, И.В. Зимовец, А.Г. Косовичев</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, И.Н. Шарыкин, И.В. Зимовец, А.Г. Косовичев</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">И.Н. Шарыкин, И.В. Зимовец, А.Г. Косовичев</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">И.Н. Шарыкин, И.В. Зимовец, А.Г. Косовичев</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647627">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647627</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45257551581040">We present the results of statistical analysis of various thermal plasma parameters and non-thermal X-ray spectra of helioseismically active (producing “sunquakes”) solar flares of the 24th solar cycle up to February 2014. Two samples of flares are compared: with helioseismic activity in the form of sunquakes and a sample of flares without photospheric disturbances. The dependences of the considered flare parameters on the energy of helioseismic disturbances are also investigated. Quantitative parameters of solar flares are taken from the statistical work of the Global Energetics series by Markus Ashwanden in 2014–2019. We consider thermodynamic plasma parameters derived from the analysis of RHESSI X-ray spectra and differential emission measure (from AIA EUV images), as well as the characterization of non-thermal X-ray spectra from RHE-SSI. Statistical analysis confirmed that helioseismically active solar flares are characterized by significantly larger fluxes of non-thermal X-ray emission compared to flares without photospheric perturbations. A good linear relationship between helioseismic energy and the total flux of non-thermal X-ray radiation and the total energy of accelerated electrons is found. It is shown that the power-law index of the nonthermal X‑ray spectrum is not the parameter by which one can separate the two groups of flares under consideration. The analysis of the X-ray thermal spectra shows a slight difference between the flares with the sunsets.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257551576848">Приводятся результаты статистического анализа различных параметров тепловой плазмы и нетепловых рентгеновских спектров гелиосейсмически активных (продуцирующих “солнцетрясения”) солнечных вспышек 24-го солнечного цикла до февраля 2014 г. Сравниваются две выборки вспышек: с гелиосейсмической активностью в виде солнцетрясений и без фотосферных возмущений. Также исследованы зависимости рассматриваемых параметров вспышек от энергии гелиосейсмических возмущений. Количественные параметры солнечных вспышек берутся из статистических работ серии “Global Energetics”, выполненных Маркусом Ашванденом в 2014–2019 гг. Рассматриваются термодинамические параметры плазмы, полученные из анализа рентгеновских спектров RHESSI и дифференциальной меры эмиссии (по ультрафиолетовым изображениям AIA), а также характеристики нетепловых рентгеновских спектров по RHESSI. Статистический анализ подтвердил, что гелиосейсмически активные солнечные вспышки характеризуются значительно большими потоками нетеплового рентгеновского излучения по сравнению со вспышками без фотосферных возмущений. Найдена линейная взаимосвязь гелиосейсмической энергии с полным потоком нетеплового рентгеновского излучения, а также полной энергией ускоренных электронов. Показано, что степенной индекс нетеплового рентгеновского спектра не является тем параметром, по которому можно разделить две рассматриваемые группы вспышек. Анализ рентгеновских тепловых спектров показывает небольшое отличие вспышек с солнцетрясениями от вспышек без фотосферного отклика. Анализ дифференциальной меры эмиссии выявил тождественность двух выборок вспышек. Обсуждается найденная корреляция энергии солнцетрясений с параметрами тепловой плазмы. В целом полученные статистические результаты косвенно свидетельствуют в пользу теории генерации солнцетрясений пучками ускоренных электронов, инжектированных в плотные слои солнечной атмосферы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>solar flares</kwd><kwd>helioseismic waves</kwd><kwd>sunquakes</kwd><kwd>X-ray emission</kwd><kwd>nonthermal electrons</kwd><kwd>photosphere</kwd><kwd>ultraviolet emission</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>солнечные вспышки</kwd><kwd>гелиосейсмические возмущения</kwd><kwd>рентгеновское излучение</kwd><kwd>ускоренные электроны</kwd><kwd>фотосфера</kwd><kwd>ультрафиолетовое излучения</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>C. L. Wolff, Atrophys. J. 176, 833 (1972).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>A. G. Kosovichev and V. V. 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