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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Astronomy Reports</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Astronomy Reports</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Астрономический журнал</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0004-6299</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5170</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">647644</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0004629924060086</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JMEELF</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Modern Stellar Astronomy 2023</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современная звездная астрономия — 2023</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkov</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малков</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>malkov@inasan.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kilpio</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кильпио</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>malkov@inasan.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dluzhnevskaya</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Длужневская</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>malkov@inasan.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт астрономии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Crimean Astrophysical Observatory</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Крымская астрофизическая обсерватория</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Physical Sciences RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Отделение физических наук Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-06-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>101</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>575</fpage><lpage>584</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-01-28"><day>28</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, The Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647644">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0004-6299/article/view/647644</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We provide an analytic review of problems of the modern stellar astronomy. It mostly based on talks presented at the thirteenth annual conference on Modern Stellar Astronomy, held in Volgograd State University (Russia) in May 2023. The key topics for the review are Stars, Stellar Clusters and Associations, Interstellar Medium and Star Formation, Galaxy Structure, Kinematics and Dynamics, Galaxies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Представлен аналитический обзор современного состояния проблем звездной астрономии. Он преимущественно базируется на докладах, сделанных на конференции «Современная звездная астрономия» (ВолГУ, май 2023).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stars</kwd><kwd>stellar clusters and associations</kwd><kwd>Milky Way Galaxy</kwd><kwd>galaxies</kwd><kwd>interstellar medium</kwd><kwd>star formation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>звезды</kwd><kwd>звездные скопления и ассоциации</kwd><kwd>Галактика Млечный Путь</kwd><kwd>галактики</kwd><kwd>межзвездная среда</kwd><kwd>звездообразование</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-15-2022-1228</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>A. 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