Advances in Chemical PhysicsAdvances in Chemical PhysicsФизиология растений0015-33033034-6126The Russian Academy of Sciences64813110.31857/S0015330323600080QASNKTОБЗОРЫUnknownThe Use of Nanomaterials as a Plant-Protection Strategy from Adverse TemperaturesИспользование наноматериалов как стратегия защиты растений от действия неблагоприятных температурVenzhikYu. V.ВенжикЮ. В.
Russian Federation
jul.venzhik@gmail.comDeryabinA. N.ДерябинА. Н.
Russian Federation
jul.venzhik@gmail.comTimiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of SciencesФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физиологии растений им. К. А. Тимирязева Российской академии наук0107202370433935328012025Copyright ©; 2023, Venzhik Y.V., Deryabin A.N.Copyright ©; 2023, Ю.В. Венжик, А.Н. Дерябин2023Venzhik Y.V., Deryabin A.N.Ю.В. Венжик, А.Н. Дерябинhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0015-3303/article/view/648131

In the context of escalating climate threats around the world, there is a growing need to develop new strategies to increase plants' stress resistance. Innovative approaches in this direction are provided by nanotechnologies that ensure the production of various nanomaterials (NMs). These include structures less than 100 nm in size that have unique physical and chemical properties. Due to this, NMs are able to penetrate biological barriers and accumulate in plant cells. The effects of NMs on a plant organism can be either positive or negative, depending on the chemical nature, sizes and concentrations of NMs, the object of study, and environmental conditions. Many NMs in a certain concentration are able to regulate almost all processes in a plant organism: growth, water metabolism, activity of the photosynthetic apparatus, and pro-/antioxidant balance. This suggests the possibility of using some NMs as adaptogens that enhance plants' stress resistance. This review presents a comparative analysis of experimental data on the use of NMs in plant physiology and agriculture to protect plants from the effects of unfavorable low and high temperatures. Possible mechanisms of NM action on plants are discussed as well as a strategy for their further use in fundamental science and agriculture.

В условиях эскалации климатических угроз во всем мире растет необходимость разработки новых стратегий повышения стрессоустойчивости растений. Инновационные подходы в этом направлении предоставляют нанотехнологии, обеспечивающие производство разнообразных наноматериалов (НМ). К ним относят структуры размером менее 100 нм, обладающие уникальными физическими и химическими свойствами. Благодаря этому НМ способны проникать через биологические барьеры и накапливаться в клетках растений. Эффекты НМ на растительный организм могут быть как позитивными, так и негативными в зависимости от химической природы, размеров и концентраций НМ, объекта исследования и условий среды. Многие НМ в определенной концентрации способны регулировать практически все процессы в растительном организме: рост, водный обмен, активность фотосинтетического аппарата и про-/антиоксидантный баланс. Это позволяет предполагать возможность использования некоторых НМ как адаптогенов, усиливающих стрессоустойчивость растений. В настоящем обзоре представлен сравнительный анализ экспериментальных данных об использовании НМ в физиологии растений и сельском хозяйстве для защиты растений от действия неблагоприятных низких и высоких температур. Обсуждаются возможные механизмы действия НМ на растения, а также стратегия их дальнейшего использования в фундаментальной науке и сельском хозяйстве.

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