ГеохимияГеохимия0016-7525The Russian Academy of Sciences1160410.31857/S0016-7525643300-319Research ArticleTransformation of the montmorillonite structure and its adsorption properties due to the thermochemical treatmentKrupskayaV. V.krupskaya@ruclay.comZakusinS. V.zakusinsergey@gmail.comTyupinaE. A.tk1972@mail.ruDorzhievaO. V.dorzhievaov@gmail.comChernovM. S.chernov@geol.msu.ruBychkovaYa. V.yanab66@yandex.ruInstitute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry (IGEM) RASLomonosov Moscow State University, Geological FacultyD. Mendeleev University of Chemical-Technology of RussiaNational Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”Geological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences (GIN RAS)030420196433003190304201903042019Copyright © 2019, Russian Academy of Sciences2019<p>Complex studies revealed changes in the composition, structure, and properties of bentonite clays from the Taganskoye (Kazakhstan) and Dashkovskoe (Moscow region) deposits due to the thermochemical treatment. The leaching of cations from the interlayer and octahedral positions, protonation of the interlayer and OH-groups, leads to modification of the interlayer and 2:1 layer composition, which in turn contributes to significant changes in properties:-a decrease in the cation exchange capacity due to a decrease in the layer charge and increase in the specific surface due to destruction and partial amorphization. Bentonites from the Dashkovskoye deposit demonstrated higher resistance to thermochemical treatment than the bentonites from the Taganskoye deposit due to the protecting effect of the organic matter. Results of the work showed that even after quite intensive thermochemical treatment (13M HNO<sub>3</sub>, 90 C, 5 hours), bentonite clays retain a significant part of the adsorption capacity.</p>engineered barriersbentonite claysthermochemical treatmentmontmorilloniteTaganskoye and Dashkovskoye depositsинженерные барьерыбентонитовые глинытермохимическая обработкамонтмориллонитместорождения Таганское и Дашковское[ГОСТ 21283-93. Глина бентонитовая для тонкой и строительной керамики. Методы определения показателя адсорбции и емкости катионного обмена.][Горбунов Н.И., Цюрупа И.Г, Шурыгина Е.А. (1952) Рентгенограммы, термограммы и кривые обезвоживания минералов, встречающихся в почвах и глинах (под ред. Тюрина И.В. Горбунова Н.И.). 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