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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Geomagnetism and Aeronomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Geomagnetism and Aeronomy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геомагнетизм и аэрономия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-7940</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5022</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">650920</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016794024040059</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">RTQVZO</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en"><italic>NmF</italic>2 variability at different longitudes in mid-latitudes: the role of geomagnetic activity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменчивость <italic>NmF</italic>2 на разных долготах средних широт: роль геомагнитной активности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Depuev</surname><given-names>V. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Депуев</surname><given-names>В. X.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>depuev@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deminov</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деминов</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>depuev@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Deminova</surname><given-names>G. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деминова</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>depuev@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Depueva</surname><given-names>A. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Депуева</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>depuev@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere, and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт земного магнетизма, ионосферы и распространения радиоволн им. Н.В. Пушкова РАН (ИЗМИРАН)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ГЕОМАГНЕТИЗМ И АЭРОНОМИЯ</issue-title><fpage>503</fpage><lpage>511</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-01"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-7940/article/view/650920">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-7940/article/view/650920</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on data from mid-latitude ionospheric stations at close corrected geomagnetic latitudes, the properties of the variability in the <italic>F</italic>2 layer peak density (<italic>NmF</italic>2) at different longitudes were analyzed during increased (48 &gt; <italic>ap</italic>(t) &gt; 27) and high (<italic>ap</italic>(t) &gt; 48) geomagnetic activity, where <italic>ap</italic>(t) is the weighted average <italic>ap</italic>-index of this activity. The standard deviation s of <italic>Nm</italic> fluctuations with respect to the quiet level and the average shift of these fluctuations <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> were used as characteristics of this variability. It was found that at all analyzed stations, the variance s<sup>2</sup> for increased geomagnetic activity is greater than for quiet conditions but hardly differs from s<sup>2</sup> for high geomagnetic activity. For all analyzed cases, the average shift <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> &lt; 0, and for high geomagnetic activity, the absolute value of <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> is greater than for increased geomagnetic activity. The difference in <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> values between the analyzed stations is quite large. One reason for this difference may be related to the dependence of <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> on geomagnetic latitudes. Approximations of the geomagnetic field by the tilted dipole (TD), eccentric dipole (ED), or using corrected geomagnetic (CGM) coordinates were used to select these latitudes. It was found that the dependence of <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> on ED latitude is more accurate than the dependence of <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> on TD latitude and, moreover, the dependence of <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> on CGM latitude. Therefore, ED latitudes, and not CGM latitudes, are optimal for accounting for storm effects on the <italic>F</italic>2 layer peak density at mid-latitudes. This conclusion has apparently been obtained for the first time.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На основе данных среднеширотных ионосферных станций на близких исправленных геомагнитных широтах проведен анализ свойств изменчивости концентрации максимума слоя<italic> F</italic>2 (<italic>NmF</italic>2) на разных долготах при повышенной (48 &gt; <italic>ap</italic>(t) &gt; 27) и высокой (<italic>ap</italic>(t) &gt; 48) геомагнитной активности, где <italic>ap</italic>(t) – средневзвешенный <italic>ap</italic>-индекс этой активности. В качестве характеристик этой изменчивости использованы стандартное отклонение s флуктуаций <italic>Nm</italic> относительно спокойного уровня и средний сдвиг этих флуктуаций <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub>. Получено, что на всех анализируемых станциях дисперсия s<sup>2</sup> для повышенной геомагнитной активности больше, чем для спокойных условий, но почти не отличается от s<sup>2</sup> для высокой геомагнитной активности. Для всех анализируемых случаев средний сдвиг <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> &lt; 0, и для высокой геомагнитной активности модуль <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> больше, чем для повышенной геомагнитной активности. Разница в значениях <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> между анализируемыми станциями достаточно большая. Одна из причин этой разницы может быть связана с зависимостью <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> от геомагнитных широт. Для выбора этих широт использованы аппроксимации геомагнитного поля наклонным диполем (TD), эксцентричным диполем (ED) или с помощью исправленных геомагнитных (CGM) координат. Получено, что зависимость <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> от ED-широты точнее зависимости <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> от TD-широты и, тем более, зависимости <italic>x</italic><sub>ave</sub> от CGM-широты. Следовательно, ED-широты, а не CGM-широты, являются оптимальными для учета эффектов бурь в концентрации максимума слоя <italic>F</italic>2 на средних широтах. 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