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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Geomagnetism and Aeronomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Geomagnetism and Aeronomy</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Геомагнетизм и аэрономия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-7940</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5022</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">681548</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0016794024060041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">QOOTXJ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Intensive Substorms During the Main Phase of the Magnetic Storm on March 23-24, 2023</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Интенсивные суббури в главную фазу магнитной бури 23−24 марта 2023 г.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gromova@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kleymenova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клейменова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ngk1935@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gromova@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanonidi</surname><given-names>K. Kh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Канониди</surname><given-names>К. Х.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gromova@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gromova@izmiran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malysheva</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малышева</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ngk1935@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт земного магнетизма, ионосферы и распространения радиоволн им. Н.В. Пушкова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>760</fpage><lpage>770</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-30"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-7940/article/view/681548">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-7940/article/view/681548</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Here we studied the planetary features of the spatiotemporal distribution of ionospheric electrojets recorded in the substorm onset and in the time on the activity maximum of three very intense substorms (with the <italic>AL-</italic>index from -1200 nT to -1700 nT) observed during the main phase of the strong magnetic storm on 23−24 March 2023. We analyze the substorms by applying the global maps of the planetary distribution of the high-latitude ionospheric currents, constructed on the basis of the simultaneous magnetic measurements on 66 low-orbit satellites of the AMPERE project, as well as the ground-based magnetograms from the Scandinavian IMAGE profile and mid-latitude IZMIRAN stations located in the same longitudinal region. It was established that the onset of all the studied substorms at the IMAGE meridian was accompanied by the development of a night-time current vortex with a clockwise rotation direction that is an indicator of the downward field-aligned currents increasing. The ground-based mid-latitude observations at the IZMIRAN station network confirmed that the center of the substorm current wedge was located in the night-time sector significantly east of the IMAGE meridian. In the time of the substorm intensity maximum, a similar but more extensive current vortex was observed in the morning sector, that fact is, probably, typical for intense substorms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Рассмотрены планетарные особенности пространственно-временного распределения ионосферных электроджетов в начале и максимуме активности трех очень интенсивных суббурь (с индексом <italic>AL</italic> от -1200 до -1700 нТл) в главной фазе сильной магнитной бури 23−24 марта 2023 года. При анализе суббурь использовались карты планетарного распределения высокоширотных ионосферных токов, построенные на основе одновременных магнитных измерений на 66-ти низкоорбитальных спутниках проекта AMPERE, а также наземные магнитограммы скандинавского профиля IMAGE и среднеширотных станций ИЗМИРАН, расположенных в той же долготной области. Установлено, что начало всех исследуемых суббурь на меридиане IMAGE, сопровождалось развитием ночного токового вихря с направлением вращения по часовой стрелке, что является индикатором усиления втекающих продольных токов. Наземные среднеширотные наблюдения на сети станций ИЗМИРАН подтвердили, что в ночном секторе центр токового клина суббурь находился значительно восточнее меридиана IMAGE. Во время максимума интенсивности суббурь подобный, но более обширный токовый вихрь наблюдался в утреннем секторе, что, вероятно, является типичным для интенсивных суббурь.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic storm</kwd><kwd>substorm</kwd><kwd>ionospheric and field-aligned currents</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитная буря</kwd><kwd>суббуря</kwd><kwd>ионосферные и продольные токи</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Дэспирак И.В., Клейменова Н.Г., Громова Л.И., Громов С.В., Малышева Л.М. 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