GeotectonicsGeotectonicsГеотектоника0016-853X3034-4972The Russian Academy of Sciences1161910.31857/S0016-853X201923-32ArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleFrom Kenorland to modern continents: tectonics and metallogenyОт Кенорлэнда до современных континентов: тектоника и металлогенияYakubchukA. S.ЯкубчукА. С.
Russian Federation
slaurum@aol.comGeological Institute, Russian Academy of SciencesГеологический институт РАН1704201923320504201905042019Copyright ©; 2019, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2019, Российская академия наук2019Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-853X/article/view/11619

There are three stages in tectonic evolution of the Earth: (1) nucleation — from origin of protocratons to their assembly into Supercontinent Kenorland (2.7–2.5 Ga); (2) cratonization — from breakup of Kenorland (2.45 Ga) to the assembly of Columbia (1.85 Ga) and its reorganization into Rodinia (1.0–0.72 Ga); (3) modern plate tectonics — from breakup of Rodinia at 720 Ma until present. Analysis of time-space reorganizations of Archean granulite-gneiss terranes, which correspond to continental lithospheric keels, reveals five groups of protocratons (Nena, Ur, Congo-Sahara, NAsia and Atlantica) that remained almost intact during long time intervals.

After the breakup of Kenorland, the continental crust rotated counter-clockwise. NAsia and Atlantica the least rotated and drifted relative to Nena, however the latter was rotated by 180°. Congo-Sahara, Ur and Kalahari were the most rotated. The assembly and breakup of the supercontinents clearly correlates with secular changes in dominant types of base, precious and ferrous metal deposits, as well as formation and emplacement of diamonds.

В тектонической истории Земли выделено три этапа: (1) нуклеарный — от возникновения протократонов до их сбора в суперконтинент Кенорлэнд (2.7–2.5 млрд лет), (2) кратонизации — от распада Кенорлэнда (2.45 млрд лет) до сбора Колумбии (1.85 млрд лет) и ее преобразования в Родинию (1.0–0.72 млрд лет), тектоники плит современного типа — от распада Родинии 720 млн лет до настоящего времени. Анализ перегруппировки во времени архейских гранулит-гнейсовых террейнов, соответствующих континентальным литосферным килям, позволяет выделить пять групп протократонов (Нена, Ур, Конго-Сахара, НАзия и Атлантика), остававшихся близко расположенными на протяжении длительного времени. Континентальная кора испытала вращение против часовой стрелки после распада протократона Кенорлэнд. НАзия и Атлантика характеризуются наименьшими поворотами и дрейфом относительно Нены, которая была повернута на 180°, наибольшие повороты характерны для Конго-Сахара, Ур и Калахари. С процессами сбора и распада суперконтинентов четко коррелирует смена преобладающих типов месторождений цветных, благородных, черных металлов и алмазов.

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