GeotectonicsGeotectonicsГеотектоника0016-853X3034-4972The Russian Academy of Sciences68301010.31857/S0016853X25010051DAUUJZArticlesСтатьиResearch ArticleTectonic Conditions of Origin and Geodynamic Setting of Opening of the Rifts of the Red Sea and the Gulf of AdenaТектонические условия зарождения и геодинамика раскрытия рифтов Красного моря и Аденского заливаUsovaV. M.УсоваВ. М.
Russian Federation
usova-vm@rudn.ruRUDN UniversityРоссийский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы1502202518910305062025Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук2025Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-853X/article/view/683010

The article presents results of the study that identifies tectonic conditions responsible for the origin of the Late Cenozoic rifts of the final stage of the development of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden. The rifts, connected at the right angle, had different stages of oceanic opening. We propose a geodynamic model of the Red Sea rift formation, based on data on the continental-lower crustal nature of the high-density basement of this rift. Our Paleotectonic reconstructions support the previous model of the pre-rift location of Arabia near the “shores” of Africa and the deep entry of the Yemen “Corner” of Arabia into the “Triangle” of the Afar Depression. The separation and syn-rift removal of Arabia from Africa occurred in different and unique tectonic settings, is shown. The Red Sea Rift originated in the largest area of the Late Proterozoic juvenile crust protruding in the central part of the Arabian‒Nubian Shield. In contrast, the Gulf of Aden Rift formed within a large pericontinental sedimentary basin, which is unusual for rifts of all ages and types. The directions of the rift separation Arabia from Africa were predetermined historically and coincided with the boundaries of ancient lithospheric blocks that experienced different tectonic development. These geological boundaries, related to the deep geo-divisions, outlined in the crustal structure as pan-African folding belts of various ages and types.

В статье приведены результаты исследования, которые позволили выявить тектонические условия зарождения сопряженных между собой под прямым углом позднекайнозойских рифтов завершенного развития Красного моря и Аденского залива, находящихся на разных стадиях океанического раскрытия. Предлагается разработанная автором геодинамическая модель формирования рифта Красного моря, в основу которой заложены представления и поддерживающие их наши аргументы о континентально-нижнекоровой природе высокоплотностного основания этого рифта. Приведены палеотектонические реконструкции, подтверждающие предложенную ранее модель дорифтового расположения Аравии у берегов Африки и глубокого вхождения Йеменского угла Аравии в треугольник Афарской депрессии.

Показано, что отрыв и синрифтовое удаление Аравии от Африки произошли в разных и уникальных тектонических обстановках. Рифт Красного моря возник в самой крупной области позднепротерозойской ювенильной коры, выступающей в центральной части Аравийско‒Нубийского щита. Рифт Аденского залива образовался во внутренней части крупного периконтинентального осадочного бассейна, что несвойственно для рифтов всех возрастов и типов. Направления рифтового обособления Аравии от Африки были предопределены исторически. Они совпали с границами блоков древней литосферы, испытавших различное тектоническое развитие. Эти геологические границы, относящиеся к глубинным георазделам, были выражены в коровой структуре в форме панафриканских поясов складчатости, имеющих различный возраст и принадлежащих к разным типам.

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