Hygiene and SanitationHygiene and SanitationГигиена и санитария0016-99002412-0650Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman63863310.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-1-77-81FOOD HYGIENEГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯXylitol: production, metabolism and safety of use (literature review)Ксилит: производство, метаболизм и безопасность применения (обзор литературы)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2813-6498SokolovFilipp S.СоколовФилипп Сергеевич
Russian Federation

MD, postgraduate student, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, 127473, Russian Federation.

e-mail: phlppsokolov@gmail.com

Аспирант кафедры ЮНЕСКО «Здоровый образ жизни — залог успешного развития» ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России, 127473, Москва.

e-mail: phlppsokolov@gmail.com

phlppsokolov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7603-6064GurevichKonstantin G.ГуревичК. Г.
Russian Federation
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8035-0638<a href="https://elibrary.ru/nxhhjs" target="»_blank»"><b>Elibrary EDN:</b> https://elibraKriheliNatella I.КрихелиН. И.
Russian Federation
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7923-9916ZaborovskiyAndrey V.ЗаборовскийА. В.
Russian Federation
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5018-2648GlinenkoViktor M.ГлиненкоВ. М.
Russian Federation
A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and DentistryФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А.И. Евдокимова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации180220231021778125102024Copyright ©; 2024, Sokolov F.S., Gurevich K.G., Kriheli N.I., Zaborovskiy A.V., Glinenko V.M.Copyright ©; 2024, Соколов Ф.С., Гуревич К.Г., Крихели Н.И., Заборовский А.В., Глиненко В.М.2024Sokolov F.S., Gurevich K.G., Kriheli N.I., Zaborovskiy A.V., Glinenko V.M.Соколов Ф.С., Гуревич К.Г., Крихели Н.И., Заборовский А.В., Глиненко В.М.https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/638633

The review article provides information on a common sweetener — xylitol, ranging from methods of production and purification, to metabolism in the body and practical applications in medicine and other industries. Considering some prejudice with which xylitol is treated in the Russian Federation, safety of use and low prevalence, it was decided to consider the relevance of use in medicine and related industries, affecting the effectiveness of use as one of the preventive measures in diseases of dental caries. 

Literature search: according to the Scopus, CyberLeninka, PubMed databases, selective, analytical-synthetic, typological. 

Xylitol is a polyhydric sugar alcohol; it is found in small amounts in fruits and vegetables. For industrial production, xylitol can be obtained by chemical and biotechnological methods. Chemical production is financially costly mainly due to the complex product purification process. In biotechnological production, agricultural and vegetable raw materials are used as raw materials, which makes it possible to reduce the cost of production and its energy intensity. The safety of xylitol has been well studied by the international community since the late 70s and it is included in various WHO recommendations, numerous studies confirm the safety of use during the metabolic processes of the body. 

Conclusion. Xylitol is used in at least three industries, namely in food (dietary, confectionery, chewing gum), pharmaceutical (xylitol properties are relevant in the production of nasal sprays, syrups, in combination with other medicines) and in dentistry due to its anti-caries effect, suppression growth of pathogenic microflora of the oral cavity and participation in the remineralization of hard tissues of the tooth. In addition, it is actively used among diabetics.

Contribution: Sokolov F.S. — collection and processing of material, writing the text; Krikheli N.I., Gurevich K.G. — the concept and design of the study, editing; Zaborovsky A.V. — the concept and design of the study; Glinenko V.M. — editing. All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgement. The study had no sponsorship.

Received: August 11, 2022 / Accepted: December 8, 2022 / Published: February 15, 2023

В обзорной статье представлена информация о распространённом сахарозаменителе ксилите. Рассмотрены методы получения и очистки, метаболизм в организме и практическое применение в медицине и других отраслях. Учитывая некоторое предубеждение, с которым относятся к ксилиту в нашей стране, безопасность применения и невысокую распространённость, авторы рассмотрели актуальность применения его в медицине и смежных отраслях, эффективность использования в качестве одной из мер профилактики заболевания кариесом зубов.

Поиск литературы (выборочный, аналитико-синтетический, типологический) осуществлён по базам данных Scopus, CyberLeninka, PubMed.

Ксилит представляет собой многоатомный сахарный спирт, содержится в небольших количествах во фруктах и овощах. Для промышленного производства ксилит может быть получен химическими и биотехнологическими методами. Химическое производство является финансово затратным в основном из-за сложного процесса очистки продукта. В биотехнологическом производстве используется сельскохозяйственное и растительное сырьё, что позволяет снизить себестоимость продукции и её энергоёмкость. Безопасность ксилита хорошо изучена международным сообществом с конца 70-х годов XX века, многочисленные исследования подтверждают безопасность его применения и служат основанием для включения в рекомендации ВОЗ.

Заключение. Ксилит используется в пищевой промышленности (диетическая и кондитерская продукция, жевательная резинка), фармацевтической отрасли (свойства ксилита актуальны при производстве назальных спреев, сиропов, в сочетании с другими лекарственными средствами), а также в стоматологии благодаря его противокариозному эффекту, подавлению роста патогенной микрофлоры полости рта и участию в реминерализации твёрдых тканей зуба. Кроме того, ксилит активно применяют в качестве сахарозаменителя больные сахарным диабетом.

Участие авторов: Соколов Ф.С. — сбор и обработка материала, написание текста; Гуревич К.Г., Крихели Н.И. — концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование; Заборовский А.В. — концепция и дизайн исследования; Глиненко В.М. — редактирование. Все соавторы — утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.

Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.

Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.

Поступила: 11.08.2022 / Принята к печати: 08.12.2022 / Опубликована: 15.02.2023

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