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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гигиена и санитария</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-9900</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">638761</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-12-1467-1474</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PREVENTIVE TOXICOLOGY AND HYGIENIC STANDARTIZATION</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКАЯ ТОКСИКОЛОГИЯ И ГИГИЕНИЧЕСКОЕ НОРМИРОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of changes in the rat cardiovascular system under the action of lead intoxication and muscular exercise</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Анализ изменений сердечно-сосудистой системы крыс при действии свинцовой интоксикации и мышечной нагрузки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0927-4062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Klinova</surname><given-names>Svetlana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клинова</surname><given-names>Светлана Владиславовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers of Rospotrebnadzor, Yekaterinburg, 620014, Russian Federation.</p><p>e-mail: klinova.svetlana@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Науч. сотр. ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека; 620014, Екатеринбург.</p><p>e-mail: klinova.svetlana@gmail.com</p></bio><email>klinova.svetlana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-7845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>Ilzira A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4693-244X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Protsenko</surname><given-names>Yuri L.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Проценко</surname><given-names>Ю. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>Marina P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-0479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabova</surname><given-names>Iuliia V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-1571</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerzen</surname><given-names>Oksana P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герцен</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9095-6775</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nabiev</surname><given-names>Salavat R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набиев</surname><given-names>С. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7712-6686</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakin</surname><given-names>Alexander A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балакин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9544-1885</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lookin</surname><given-names>Oleg N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукин</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6861-4816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lisin</surname><given-names>Ruslan V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лисин</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4519-3291</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>Daniil A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1442-6737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Privalova</surname><given-names>Larisa I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Привалова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6718-3217</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Panov</surname><given-names>Vladimir G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панов</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2018-5386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernyshov</surname><given-names>Ivan N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернышов</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9553-9110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Katsnelson</surname><given-names>Leonid B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кацнельсон</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-2357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>Larisa V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-9624</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Katsnelson</surname><given-names>Boris A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кацнельсон</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский - научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Федеральной службы по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Immunology and Physiology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт иммунологии и физиологии уральского отделения российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Industrial Ecology, the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН «Институт промышленной экологии уральского отделения российской академии наук»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-12-23" publication-format="electronic"><day>23</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>100</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>1467</fpage><lpage>1474</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-25"><day>25</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Klinova S.V., Minigalieva I.A., Protsenko Y.L., Sutunkova M.P., Ryabova I.V., Gerzen O.P., Nabiev S.R., Balakin A.A., Lookin O.N., Lisin R.V., Kuznetsov D.A., Privalova L.I., Panov V.G., Chernyshov I.N., Katsnelson L.B., Nikitina L.V., Katsnelson B.A.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Клинова С.В., Минигалиева И.А., Проценко Ю.Л., Сутункова М.П., Рябова Ю.В., Герцен О.П., Набиев С.Р., Балакин А.А., Лукин О.Н., Лисин Р.В., Кузнецов Д.А., Привалова Л.И., Панов В.Г., Чернышов И.Н., Кацнельсон Л.Б., Никитина Л.В., Кацнельсон Б.А.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Klinova S.V., Minigalieva I.A., Protsenko Y.L., Sutunkova M.P., Ryabova I.V., Gerzen O.P., Nabiev S.R., Balakin A.A., Lookin O.N., Lisin R.V., Kuznetsov D.A., Privalova L.I., Panov V.G., Chernyshov I.N., Katsnelson L.B., Nikitina L.V., Katsnelson B.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Клинова С.В., Минигалиева И.А., Проценко Ю.Л., Сутункова М.П., Рябова Ю.В., Герцен О.П., Набиев С.Р., Балакин А.А., Лукин О.Н., Лисин Р.В., Кузнецов Д.А., Привалова Л.И., Панов В.Г., Чернышов И.Н., Кацнельсон Л.Б., Никитина Л.В., Кацнельсон Б.А.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2022-12-30"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/638761">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/638761</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic><bold>Introduction. </bold>One of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is the toxic metal pollution of the industrial area and the environment. Lead is the most critical of toxic metals. In industrial conditions, the body’s exposure to harmful substances is often combined with muscular work of varying severity. It has not been studied enough how these combinations influence the development of pathological processes associated with harmful exposure.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Materials and methods. </bold>The subchronic experiment was carried out on white outbred male rats for six weeks. Intoxication was simulated by repeated intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate three times a week. Running was chosen to model the muscle exercise at a 25 m/min speed for 10 minutes 5 days a week. We performed biochemical and electrocardiographic studies. Blood pressure parameters were recorded. Muscle contractility was studied on isolated multicellular preparations of the right ventricular myocardium in isometric and physiological contraction modes. The ratio of myosin heavy chains was determined by the polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The sliding velocity of reconstituted thin filaments on myosin using an in vitro motility assay. </italic></p><p><italic><bold>Results. </bold>Physical exercise under lead intoxication normalized the level of calcium and the angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in the blood serum, the voltage of the isoelectric line and the amplitude of the T wave on the electrocardiogram. The combined action of lead and physical exercise showed an increase in the creatinine kinase-MB level. We found that the effect of exercise under lead intoxication on myocardial contractility was ambiguous. The maximum isotonic shortening velocity in trabeculae was normalized, but the maximum rate of strength development in the isometric mode in the papillary muscles decreased to a greater extent than under lead intoxication. The maximum sliding velocity of reconstituted thin filaments and myosin and the heavy chain ratio was partly normalized. </italic></p><p><italic><bold>Conclusion. </bold>In general, muscle exercise attenuated the lead cardiotoxic effects.</italic></p><p><bold>Contribution: </bold></p><p><italic>Klinova S.V. </italic>— collection of literature data, collection and processing of material, writing a text;</p><p><italic>Minigalieva I.A., Protsenko Yu.L., Nikitina L.V. </italic>— the concept and design of the study, editing;</p><p><italic>Sutunkova M.P., Privalova L.I. </italic>— the concept and design of the study;</p><p><italic>Ryabova Iu.V</italic>. — collection of literature data, collection and processing of material;</p><p><italic>Gerzen O.P. </italic>— collection of literature data, writing a text;</p><p><italic>Nabiev S.R., Balakin A.A., Lookin O.N., Lisin R.V., Kuznetsov D.A., Chernyshov I.N. </italic>— collection and processing of material;</p><p><italic>Panov V.G. </italic>— statistical and mathematical processing;</p><p><italic>Katsnelson L.B. </italic>— the concept and design of the study, writing a text, editing.</p><p><italic> All authors </italic>are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version</p><p><bold>Conflict of interest. </bold>The authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><bold>Acknowledgement. </bold>The study had no sponsorship.</p><p><bold>Conclusion of the Local Ethics Committee of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-Being: </bold>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers,of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing: keeping, feeding, caring for animals and removing them from the experiment was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the Declaration of Helsinki and “International guiding principles for biomedical research involving animals” developed by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences and the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (2012). The studies were approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers,of the Federal Service for Supervision in Protection of the Rights of Consumer and Man Wellbeing (protocol No. 8 of 08.11.2018).</p><p>Received: October 19, 2021 / Accepted: November, 2021 / Published: December 30, 2021</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic><bold>Введение. </bold>Одним из факторов риска возникновения сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний является загрязнение производственной и окружающей среды некоторыми токсичными металлами, среди которых особое значение придаётся свинцу. Экспозиция организма к вредным веществам в производственных условиях часто сочетается с мышечной работой различной степени тяжести, однако влияние этого сочетания на развитие патологических процессов, связанных вредной экспозицией, изучено недостаточно.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>Субхронический эксперимент продолжительностью 6 нед был проведён на белых беспородных крысах-самцах. Интоксикация моделировалась путём повторных внутрибрюшинных инъекций 3-водного ацетата свинца 3 раза в неделю. Для моделирования мышечной нагрузки выбран бег со скоростью 25 м/мин в течение 10 мин 5 дней в неделю. Выполнены биохимические и электрокардиографические исследования, регистрировались параметры артериального давления. На изолированных многоклеточных препаратах миокарда правого желудочка изучали сократимость в изометрическом и физиологическом режимах сокращения. Методом электрофореза в полиакриламидном геле определяли соотношение тяжёлых цепей миозина. С помощью in vitro motility assay измеряли скорость скольжения реконструированных тонких филаментов по миозину.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Результаты. </bold>Физическая нагрузка при свинцовой интоксикации нормализовала уровень кальция и активность ангиотензин-превращающего фермента в сыворотке крови, а также вольтаж изоэлектрической линии и амплитуду зубца Т на электрокардиограмме. Показано увеличение уровня креатининкиназы-МВ при сочетанном действии свинца и физической нагрузки. Влияние физической нагрузки при свинцовой интоксикации на сократимость миокарда неоднозначно: нормализовалась максимальная скорость изотонического укорочения в трабекулах, но в большей степени, чем при свинцовой интоксикации, снизилась максимальная скорость развития силы в изометрическом режиме в папиллярных мышцах. Частично нормализовалась максимальная скорость скольжения реконструированных тонких филаментов по миозину и соотношение тяжёлых цепей миозина.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Заключение. </bold>В целом использованная мышечная нагрузка ослабляет проявления кардиотоксического действия свинца.</italic></p><p><bold>Участие авторов: </bold></p><p><italic>Клинова С.В. </italic>— сбор данных литературы, сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;</p><p><italic>Минигалиева И.А., Проценко Ю.Л., Никитина Л.В. </italic>— концепция и дизайн исследования, редактирование;</p><p><italic>Сутункова М.П., Привалова Л.И. </italic>— концепция и дизайн исследования;</p><p><italic>Рябова Ю.В</italic>. — сбор данных литературы, сбор и обработка материала;</p><p><italic>Герцен О.П. </italic>— сбор и обработка материала, написание текста;</p><p><italic>Набиев С.Р., Балакин А.А., Лукин О.Н., Лисин Р.В., Кузнецов Д.А., Чернышов И.Н. </italic>— сбор и обработка материала;</p><p><italic>Панов В.Г. </italic>— статистическая и математическая обработка;</p><p><italic>Кацнельсон Л.Б. </italic>— концепция и дизайн исследования, написание текста, редактирование.</p><p><italic>Все соавторы </italic>— утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.</p><p><bold>Конфликт интересов. </bold>Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.</p><p><bold>Финансирование. </bold>Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p><p><bold>Заключение локального этического комитета ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора: </bold>содержание, питание, уход за животными и выведение их из эксперимента осуществляли в соответствии с требованиями Хельсинкской декларации и «International guiding principles for biomedical research involving animals», разработанными the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences and the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (2012). Исследования были одобрены Локальным этическим комитетом ФБУН ЕМНЦ ПОЗРПП Роспотребнадзора (протокол № 8 от 08.11.2018 г.).</p><p>Поступила: 04.10.2021 / Принята к печати: 25.11.2021 / Опубликована: 30.12.2021</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pb</kwd><kwd>running</kwd><kwd>cardiovascular system</kwd><kwd>contractility</kwd><kwd>isolated heart muscles</kwd><kwd>myosin</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Pb</kwd><kwd>мышечная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>сердечно-сосудистая система</kwd><kwd>сократимость</kwd><kwd>препараты миокарда</kwd><kwd>миозин</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Key scientific findings for lead (KSFfL). United Nations Environment Program; 2010. 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