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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гигиена и санитария</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-9900</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">640268</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-9-990-995</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Transcriptional activity of metallothionein genes in acute poisoning caused by cadmium chloride</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Транскрипционная активность генов металлотионеинов при остром отравлении хлоридом кадмия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1848-7959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ziatdinova</surname><given-names>Munira M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зиатдинова</surname><given-names>Мунира Мунировна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, junior researcher of the Department of Toxicology and Genetics with an experimental laboratory of laboratory animals, Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology, Ufa, 450106, Russian Federation.</p><p>у-mail: munira.munirovna@yandex.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мл. науч. сотр. отдела токсикологии и генетики ФБУН «Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека» Роспотребнадзора, 450106, Уфа.</p><p>e-mail: munira.munirovna@yandex.ru</p></bio><email>munira.munirovna@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6605-9994</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Valova</surname><given-names>Yana V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валова</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7456-4787</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhammadiyeva</surname><given-names>Guzel F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухаммадиева</surname><given-names>Г. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-6472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Usmanova</surname><given-names>Elza N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усманова</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-6757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimov</surname><given-names>Denis O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримов</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5596-8180</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>Nadezhda Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1856-3173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bajgil’Din</surname><given-names>Samat S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байгильдин</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Health and Human Ecology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФБУН «Уфимский научно-исследовательский институт медицины труда и экологии человека»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>9</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>990</fpage><lpage>995</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-29"><day>29</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Ziatdinova M.M., Valova Y.V., Mukhammadiyeva G.F., Usmanova E.N., Karimov D.O., Khusnutdinova N.Y., Bajgil’Din S.S.</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Зиатдинова М.М., Валова Я.В., Мухаммадиева Г.Ф., Усманова Э.Н., Каримов Д.О., Хуснутдинова Н.Ю., Байгильдин С.С.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ziatdinova M.M., Valova Y.V., Mukhammadiyeva G.F., Usmanova E.N., Karimov D.O., Khusnutdinova N.Y., Bajgil’Din S.S.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зиатдинова М.М., Валова Я.В., Мухаммадиева Г.Ф., Усманова Э.Н., Каримов Д.О., Хуснутдинова Н.Ю., Байгильдин С.С.</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2021-10-20"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/640268">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/640268</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><italic><bold>Introduction.</bold> Cadmium is one of the most toxic heavy metals widely distributed in the environment. It has a long half-life, leading to its accumulation in various organs, which in turn is the cause of many adverse effects on human health.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Material and methods.</bold> Acute toxic poisoning with cadmium chloride was simulated on white outbred male rats, divided into groups depending on the exposure time. Samples of liver and kidney tissues were used as study materials, in the homogenate of which the level of mRNA of metallothionein genes was determined.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Results.</bold> It was found that the maximum value of the multiplicity of MT1 gene expression in the liver was reached after 6 hours (16.36 ± 0.77; p &lt;0.001), and in the kidneys one day after intoxication with cadmium chloride (6.12 ± 0.43; p &lt;0.001). The activity of the MT2 gene in the liver was most pronounced in the range of 2-4 hours (14.35 ± 1.73; 14.78 ± 1.44; p &lt;0.001), while in the renal tissues an increase in the amount of mRNA was recorded after 24 hours (7.32 ± 0.63; p &lt;0.001). The level of MT3 gene transcripts in liver tissues was decreased throughout the experiment, however, the opposite picture was observed in the kidney tissue, where the maximum was reached one day after the administration of the toxicant (6.14 ± 0.31; p &lt;0.001).</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Thus, an increase in metallothionein expression in response to the presence of heavy metal ions in the body can be used as a genetic marker in case of poisoning with various compounds.</italic></p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><italic><bold>Введение.</bold> Кадмий входит в число наиболее токсичных тяжёлых металлов, широко распространённых в окружающей среде. Он обладает длительным периодом полураспада, приводя к накоплению его в различных органах, что в свою очередь является причиной возникновения многих неблагоприятных последствий для здоровья человека.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Материал и методы.</bold> Моделирование острого токсического отравления хлоридом кадмия производили на белых беспородных крысах мужского пола, разделённых на группы в зависимости от времени экспозиции. В качестве материалов исследования использовали образцы тканей печени и почек, в гомогенате которых определяли уровень мРНК генов металлотионеинов.</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Результаты.</bold> Установлено, что максимальное значение кратности экспрессии гена МТ1 в печени достигалось спустя 6 ч (16,36 ± 0,77; p &lt; 0,001), а в почках по прошествии суток после интоксикации хлоридом кадмия (6,12 ± 0,43; p &lt; 0,001). Активность гена МТ2 в печени была наиболее выраженной в интервале 2–4 ч (14,35 ± 1,73; 14,78 ± 1,44; p &lt; 0,001), в то время как в почечных тканях увеличение количества мРНК зафиксировано спустя 24 ч (7,32 ± 0,63; р &lt; 0,001). Уровень транскриптов гена МТ3 в тканях печени был понижен на всём протяжении эксперимента, однако в почечной ткани отмечена противоположная картина, где максимум достигался спустя сутки после введения токсиканта (6,14 ± 0,31; р &lt; 0,001).</italic></p><p><italic><bold>Заключение.</bold> Таким образом, повышение экспрессии металлотионеина в ответ на присутствие в организме ионов кадмия может применяться в качестве генетического маркера при отравлении его солями.</italic></p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cadmium chloride</kwd><kwd>expression</kwd><kwd>acute intoxication</kwd><kwd>metallothioneins</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хлорид кадмия</kwd><kwd>экспрессия</kwd><kwd>острая интоксикация</kwd><kwd>металлотионеины</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nair A.R., Degheselle O., Smeets K., Van Kerkhove E., Cuypers A. 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