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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Hygiene and Sanitation</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Гигиена и санитария</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0016-9900</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2412-0650</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">680588</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-4-396-402</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">gfanhp</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Integration of methodologies for the sanitation and treatment of wastewater contaminated by pharmaceuticals</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Внедрение методов очистки сточных вод при их загрязнении фармацевтическими отходами</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dewangan</surname><given-names>Hemlata</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деванган</surname><given-names>Хемлата</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ku.hemlatadewangan@kalingauniversity.ac.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Dewangan</surname><given-names>Tripti</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деванган</surname><given-names>Трипти</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>ku.triptidewangan@kalingauniversity.ac.in</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Kalinga University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Калинга</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-04-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>104</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 104, NO4 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 104, №4 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>396</fpage><lpage>402</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-26"><day>26</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2027-12-15"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/680588">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0016-9900/article/view/680588</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The research aims to analyse the present physical, chemical, and combined methods and practices used to extract pharmaceuticals (PC) from wastewater (WW) starting from different sources, such as municipal waste and hospital release, emphasizing PC manufacturing companies. PC contaminants are primarily persistent organic chemicals not readily eliminated by standard WW treatment (WWT) procedures.Materials and methods. The research examined suggests that enhanced oxidation methods can destroy these persistent medicines. The oxidation introduces harmful oxidation products if these procedures are not carefully controlled. Physical processes, including adsorption of carbon and membrane filtering, can give an obstacle that inhibits both parent substances and harmful products from flowing into treated effluent.Results. A combination of multiple procedures can be an appropriate treatment plan for the persistence and degrading of both parent and conversion chemicals. The benefits of the procedures are integrated through combined technology, resulting in a maximization of pollutant cancellation. Sophisticated oxidation manipulation, either pre-treatment or post-treatment, paired with a natural adsorption or filtering method, is a promising approach.Limitations. However, the best procedures for PCs-containing WW depend on the quality and amount of WW, the PC compound leftovers, and their dangerous consequences.Conclusion. This research underscores the importance of combining enhanced oxidation methods with physical processes like adsorption and membrane filtration to effectively extract PC from WW. While these integrated approaches show promise in degrading contaminants, their success depends on the specific characteristics of the WW and the PC present. Continued exploration and refinement of these methods are essential for addressing PC pollution comprehensively. Future studies should focus on optimizing these strategies across varied WW contexts.Compliance with Ethical Standards. The research adheres to ethical guidelines as set forth by the relevant authorities. All procedures involving human or animal subjects were approved by the appropriate ethics committee, and all necessary consent forms were obtained.Contribution: Dewangan H. — designed and conducted the research, performed the data analysis, and wrote the manuscript; Dewangan T. — contributed to the methodology and helped with data interpretation. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.Conflict of Interest. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.Acknowledgment. The authors would like to thank Kalinga University for providing the resources and facilities necessary for conducting this research.Received: October 22, 2024 / Revised: November 15, 2024 / Accepted: December 3, 2024 / Published: April 30, 2025</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Целью исследования является анализ современных физических, химических и комбинированных методов и способов очистки сточных вод (СВ) от фармацевтических отходов (ФО), преимущественно коммунальных и медицинских, с уточнением компаний, производящих фармацевтические препараты. Фармацевтические отходы представляют собой преимущественно стойкие органические соединения, которые не поддаются удалению стандартными способами.Материалы и методы. Предполагается, что разложение стойких фармацевтических отходов возможно с помощью высокоэффективного окисления. Однако при отсутствии направленного контроля возникает риск образования вредных продуктов окисления. Физические методы, в том числе, адсорбция углеродом и мембранная фильтрация, могут предотвращать загрязнение обработанных сточных вод ФО и вредными продуктами их окисления.Результаты. При очистке от стойких ФО и разложении исходных и подвергнутых окислению соединений может быть эффективным комбинирование различных методов. В этом случае взаимное дополнение преимуществ разных методов позволяет добиться максимальной очистки воды от загрязняющих веществ. Перспективным подходом можно считать сочетание эффективных способов предварительного и последующего окисления и методов естественной адсорбции или фильтрации.Ограничения исследования. Эффективность процедуры очистки сточных вод, загрязнённых ФО, зависит от качества и количества сточных вод, остаточного количества ФО и их вредных производных.Заключение. Проведённое исследование подтверждает, что для надёжной очистки сточных вод от ФО необходимо применение методов эффективного окисления в сочетании с такими физическими процессами, как адсорбция и мембранная фильтрация. Несмотря на многообещающие результаты комплексных подходов к разложению загрязняющих веществ, успех реализации зависит от конкретных характеристик сточных вод и присутствующих в них ФО. Продолжение изучения и совершенствование этих методов имеет большое значение для комплексного решения задачи очистки вод от загрязнения ФО. Будущие исследования должны быть сосредоточены на оптимизации этих стратегий применительно к разным источникам сточных вод.Соблюдение этических стандартов. Исследование соответствует этическим нормам, установленным соответствующими органами. Все процедуры с участием людей или животных были одобрены соответствующим этическим комитетом, получены все необходимые формы согласия.Участие авторов: Деванган Х. – разработка и проведение исследования, анализ данных и написание рукописи; Деванган Т. – вклад в методологию и интерпретация данных. Все соавторы – утверждение окончательного варианта статьи, ответственность за целостность всех частей статьи.Конфликт интересов. Авторы декларируют отсутствие явных и потенциальных конфликтов интересов в связи с публикацией данной статьи.Финансирование. Авторы выражают благодарность Университету Калинги за предоставление ресурсов и возможностей, необходимых для проведения этого исследования.Поступила: 22.10.2024 / Поступила после доработки: 15.11.2024 / Принята к печати: 03.12.2024 / Опубликована: 30.04.2025</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sanitation</kwd><kwd>Wastewater</kwd><kwd>pharmaceuticals</kwd><kwd>Review</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>методы очистки</kwd><kwd>сточные воды</kwd><kwd>фармацевтические отходы</kwd><kwd>обзор</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Taoufik N., Boumya W., Janani F.Z., Elhalil A., Mahjoubi F.Z. Removal of emerging pharmaceutical pollutants: a systematic mapping study review. J. Environ. Chem. Eng. 2020; 8(5): 104251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2020.104251</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Koul B., Sharma K., Shah M.P. 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