Vol 91, No 7 (2002)
Articles
Dupont: Entering our third century
Abstract
Moscow. June 24, 2002 Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (GMII). Philippe DESOL, Dupont vice-president Europe, presented to the First Deputy Minister of Culture of Russia Alexander Alexeevich GOLUTVA two of the rarest 19th century Limoges enamels in the antique market - a gift to Russian culture from Dupont.
Dupont Seminar in Moscow
Abstract
Dupont de Nemours, the largest supplier of refrigeration agents on the Russian market, held a seminar on "Fluorine products: 70 years of history and a look into the future" on June 5 this year in Moscow at the Marriott Hotel.
Managers and specialists of the associations which produce refrigeration equipment, such as Kholodprom, Torgovy Kholod and Kholod-Byt associations, the largest organization in the sphere of refrigeration equipment servicing - Torgtekhnika association, specialists of the plants and organizations which are members of these associations, a large number of representatives of other companies connected with refrigeration equipment as well as industry press took part in the seminar.
As the speaker Dupont Company was represented by Mr. John Morley, Senior Technical Expert of Fluorine Products Department, the seminar was led by Tatiana Markina, Senior Manager of the Department.
For many years one of the activities of the company is associated with the creation and implementation of ozone-safe refrigerants. The practice of introductory seminars which have already become traditional is certainly useful as at every seminar new information appears which is of interest for the specialists.
Seminar topics covered the following issues: influence of environmental problems on the refrigeration equipment; fluorine products from Dupont; handling of new refrigerants; conversion of systems to new working substances; alternatives to ozone-depleting substances used outside the refrigeration equipment. The latter topic was presented at the Dupont seminars in this form for the first time.
Hydrocarbons as refrigerating agents
Abstract
On January 29, 2002 in St. Petersburg State University of Low Temperature and Food Technologies (SPbSUNiPT) the International Scientific and Technical Conference "Hydrocarbons as Refrigerants" was held. The organizers of the Conference are SPbGUNiPT, International Academy of Refrigeration (IARC), and the Working Group "Properties of Refrigerants and Heat Carriers" of the Scientific Council of the RAS. The conference was attended by the Odessa State Academy of Refrigeration (Ukraine), Institute of Energy Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Moscow State Technical University n.a. N.E. Bauman. N.E. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow Power Engineering Institute (Technical University), Moscow Plant "Kompressor", VNIIKhI, CJSC "Khladoklimattekhnika" (Moscow), CJSC "Sigma-Gaz", Russian Scientific Center "Applied Chemistry", JSC "LenNIIhimmash, Industry journals: "Interlaks", St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering).
Natural refrigerating agents - hydrocarbons
Abstract
Thermodynamic properties of hydrocarbons and some of their fluorinated derivatives are described. Their comparison with refrigerants R12 and R134a was carried out. Thermodynamic advantages of hydrocarbons are shown. The measures to provide fire- and explosion safety of refrigeration installations working on hydrocarbons are listed.
Prospects and problems of application of hydrocarbons as refrigerants
Abstract
The prospects and problems of use of hydrocarbons in different types of refrigerating equipment have been considered. It is shown that in the evaluation of usefulness of transition of refrigerating equipment on fire hazard refrigerants one should take into consideration additional energy expenditure for the whole service life of the equipment, as well as the ecological aspects of its increased energy consumption.
Choice of hydrocarbons as refrigerants
Abstract
For the substitutes of R12 and R22 refrigerants the basic thermodynamic characteristics and calculated parameters of an ideal refrigeration cycle are given at the temperatures of -10 C and 30 °С for boiling and condensation, accordingly. For some compressors the data reported by manufacturers are analyzed and compared with the values of refrigerating factor evaluated for an ideal refrigeration cycle.
Yaroslavl AO Kholodmash: Refrigeration hermetic compressors on R600a
Abstract
Development of refrigeration equipment is now under the influence of three interrelated factors defined by ecological problems: requirements of Montreal Protocol about cessation of consumption of substances destroying ozone layer, requirements of Kyoto Protocol to the "UN Framework Convention on Climate Change" about regulation of greenhouse gas emission, traditional requirement to increase energy efficiency of all kinds of refrigeration equipment. Use of isobutane (R600a) seems to be a perspective direction for ensuring full ecological safety of refrigeration equipment, first of all, domestic and commercial equipment with small refrigerant charges.
New refrigeration equipment Alfa Laval
Abstract
In the new millennium, Alfa Laval offers a number of new solutions for refrigeration and air conditioning systems. One such solution is a unique type of heat-exchange equipment - a dual-circuit brazed plate heat exchanger. In developing this equipment, the vast experience of Alfa Laval as a world leader in creating heat-exchange equipment for the refrigeration business was used. The real advantages of this equipment were used by foreign refrigeration equipment manufacturers, such as York, Carrier, Daikin, and Russian companies.
Technoblock: industrial air conditioning
Abstract
The term "industrial air conditioning" means creating and maintaining the set values of temperature, relative humidity and air velocity in production facilities of food, printing, textile and other industries for the implementation of technological processes and at the same time creating comfortable conditions for working personnel.
Nowadays there is almost no process related to cold at food enterprises, where "Technoblock" equipment cannot be used, including in the field of industrial air conditioning.
The concept of creating an infrastructure for the production of liquefied natural gas for urban road transport
Abstract
The advantages of fuelling motor transport with liquefied natural gas are presented. The infrastructure of location of fuel stations with the use of cryogenic machines, working on Stirling cycle, is offered. Economical advantages of use of Stirling technology for fuelling motor cars are presented.
Industrial air dryers (Aircool)
Abstract
In rooms with a high level of humidity, such as swimming pools, water parks, saunas, laundries, etc., large amounts of water constantly evaporate. The resulting increased humidity has negative effects on the building structures and equipment as well as on the occupants.
Household refrigerator market
Abstract
The whole world history points to general laws of development of household refrigerating appliances from the simplest small models with manual defrosting of the evaporator to capacious and comfortable ones with automatic defrosting. From one-compartment to two-compartment models. From small compartments for storing frozen foods (less than 10% of the total volume) to solid freezers (over 40% of the total volume, where you can freeze dozens of kilograms of products and keep them in emergency situations for up to 3 days). From an expensive prestigious fridge confirming the family's welfare to a widely available mass item of prime necessity. The general trends are saving energy consumption and reducing the cost per dm3 of useful volume, as well as increasing the convenience of operation.