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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cosmic Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cosmic Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Космические исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-4206</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5502</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">672354</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0023420624040049</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">JJDBLS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Регистрация эльфов в эксперименте «УФ атмосфера» с борта МКС и их реконструкция</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Регистрация эльфов в эксперименте «УФ атмосфера» с борта МКС и их реконструкция</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Шаракин</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Баргини</surname><given-names>Д.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Баттисти</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Национальный центр научных исследований, лаборатория астрочастиц и космологии</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына; Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Бертаина</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Бьянчиотто</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Бисконти</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Блексли</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Блин</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><address><country country="FR">France</country></address><bio><p>Национальный центр научных исследований, лаборатория астрочастиц и космологии</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Камбье</surname><given-names>Дж.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Капель</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><address><country country="DE">Germany</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Казолино</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Эбисузаки</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Эзер</surname><given-names>Й.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio><p>Кафедра астрономии и астрофизики</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Феню</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Франчески</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Гольцио</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Городецкий</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><address><country country="FR">France</country></address><bio><p>Национальный центр научных исследований, лаборатория астрочастиц и космологии</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Каджино</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Касуга</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Климов</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Манфрин</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Маржаль</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><address><country country="PL">Poland</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Марчелли</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Миямото</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Миньон</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Мурашов</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Наполитано</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Охмори</surname><given-names>Х.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Олинто</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio><p>Кафедра астрономии и астрофизики</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Паризо</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name><address><country country="FR">France</country></address><bio><p>Национальный центр научных исследований, лаборатория астрочастиц и космологии</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Пикоцца</surname><given-names>П.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Пиотровски</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><address><country country="PL">Poland</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Плебаняк</surname><given-names>З.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Прево</surname><given-names>Г.</given-names></name><address><country country="FR">France</country></address><bio><p>Национальный центр научных исследований, лаборатория астрочастиц и космологии</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Реали</surname><given-names>Э.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Риччи</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Ромоли</surname><given-names>Дж.</given-names></name><address><country country="IT">Italy</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Сакаки</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Шинозаки</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><address><country country="PL">Poland</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Шабельски</surname><given-names>Я.</given-names></name><address><country country="PL">Poland</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Де Ла Тай</surname><given-names>К.</given-names></name><address><country country="FR">France</country></address><bio><p>Центр микроэлектроники</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Такидзава</surname><given-names>Й.</given-names></name><address><country country="JP">Japan</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Врабель</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="PL">Poland</country></address><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Винке</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><address><country country="US">United States</country></address><bio><p>Факультет физики</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name><surname>Зотов</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики имени Д.В. Скобельцына</p></bio><email>sharakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff><aff id="aff2"><institution>Национальный институт ядерной физики</institution></aff><aff id="aff3"><institution>Туринский университет</institution></aff><aff id="aff4"><institution>Национальный астрофизический институт</institution></aff><aff id="aff5"><institution>Университет Париж-Сите</institution></aff><aff id="aff6"><institution>Национальный институт ядерной физики Рим Тор Вергата</institution></aff><aff id="aff7"><institution>РИКЕН</institution></aff><aff id="aff8"><institution>Университет Тор Вергата</institution></aff><aff id="aff9"><institution>Физический институт Макса Планка</institution></aff><aff id="aff10"><institution>Чикагский университет</institution></aff><aff id="aff11"><institution>Итальянское космическое агентство</institution></aff><aff id="aff12"><institution>Университет Конан</institution></aff><aff id="aff13"><institution>Академия прикладных наук имени Стефана Батория</institution></aff><aff id="aff14"><institution>Варшавский университет</institution></aff><aff id="aff15"><institution>Национальный центр ядерных исследований</institution></aff><aff id="aff16"><institution>Политехнический институт</institution></aff><aff id="aff17"><institution>Колорадская горная школа</institution></aff><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-05" publication-format="electronic"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>341</fpage><lpage>349</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/672354">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/672354</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>В данных орбитального многоканального детектора «УФ атмосфера» (Mini-EUSO) на сегодняшний день надежно идентифицировано более трех десятков суб-миллисекундных событий типа ELVES («эльфы»), являющихся следствием взаимодействия фронта электромагнитного импульса от грозового разряда и нижнего слоя ионосферы. Каждое событие имеет характерный кольцевой паттерн свечения и занимает значительную часть поля зрения детектора, а сигнал в отдельном канале имеет асимметричный профиль с ярко выраженным пиком. Распределение времен пиков содержит информацию как о локализации разряда, так и о высоте свечения.</p> <p>В настоящей работе предлагается байесовская (вероятностная) модель реконструкции событий типа «эльф», реализованная методами вероятностного программирования в PyMC-5. На примере нескольких событий показаны возможности модели по определению положения разряда. Намечены способы модификации модели для восстановления ориентации разряда и уточнения высоты свечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В данных орбитального многоканального детектора «УФ атмосфера» (Mini-EUSO) на сегодняшний день надежно идентифицировано более трех десятков суб-миллисекундных событий типа ELVES («эльфы»), являющихся следствием взаимодействия фронта электромагнитного импульса от грозового разряда и нижнего слоя ионосферы. Каждое событие имеет характерный кольцевой паттерн свечения и занимает значительную часть поля зрения детектора, а сигнал в отдельном канале имеет асимметричный профиль с ярко выраженным пиком. Распределение времен пиков содержит информацию как о локализации разряда, так и о высоте свечения.</p> <p>В настоящей работе предлагается байесовская (вероятностная) модель реконструкции событий типа «эльф», реализованная методами вероятностного программирования в PyMC-5. На примере нескольких событий показаны возможности модели по определению положения разряда. Намечены способы модификации модели для восстановления ориентации разряда и уточнения высоты свечения.</p></trans-abstract><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">ГК Роскосмос</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Roscosmos State Corporation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">JEM-EUSO</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">JEM-EUSO</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Casolino M., Klimov P., Piotrowski L. 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