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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cosmic Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cosmic Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Космические исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-4206</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5502</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">672561</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0023420623600083</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BZJNFS</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Unknown</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The Influence of Field-Aligned Currents on Electron Density in the Ionosphere: Combined Observations of SWARM Satellites and ESR Radar</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние продольных токов на электронную концентрацию в ионосфере: сопряженные наблюдения спутников <italic>SWARM</italic> и радара ESR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukianova</surname><given-names>R. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянова</surname><given-names>Р. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>renata@aari.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Space Research Institute, 105064, Moscow, Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт космических исследований РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-11-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>466</fpage><lpage>475</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-27"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Р.Ю. Лукьянова</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Р.Ю. Лукьянова</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Р.Ю. Лукьянова</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Р.Ю. Лукьянова</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/672561">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/672561</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results are presented of combined measurements by the SWARM spacecraft (SC) and European incoherent scatter radar on Svalbard for two events of simultaneous observations: in the nighttime ionosphere during substorm activation on January 9, 2014, and in the daytime ionosphere under quiet conditions on February 5, 2017. Onboard magnetometers of the SWARM SC provide measurements of field-aligned current density over the ionosphere. The radar, which is under the flyby trajectory at this time, measures the vertical distribution of the electron density (Ne). Experiments have shown that, under disturbed nighttime conditions, at the location of the field-aligned current flowing from the ionosphere, the plasma density increases throughout the entire slab of the ionosphere and the change in Ne is in agreement with theoretical estimates. In the daytime quiet ionosphere, Ne increases only in the F layer, but practically does not change in the E layer. The differences may be due to the fact that, in the first case, the carriers of the upward directed current are represented by the entire energy spectrum of auroral electrons of 1–10 keV, and in the second case only by the low-energy part.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45257552118240">Представлены результаты сопряженных измерений КА <italic>SWARM</italic> и европейского радара некогерентного рассеяния на Шпицбергене для двух событий одновременных наблюдений: в ночной ионосфере во время активации суббури 9.I.2014 и в дневной ионосфере в спокойных условиях 5.II.2017. Бортовые магнитометры КА <italic>SWARM</italic> обеспечивают измерения плотности продольных токов над ионосферой. Радар, находящийся в это время под траекторией пролета, измеряет вертикальное распределение электронной концентрации Ne. Эксперименты показали, что в ночных возмущенных условиях в месте вытекающего из ионосферы продольного тока плотность плазмы увеличивается по всей толще ионосферы, и изменение Ne находится в согласии с теоретическими оценками. В дневной спокойной ионосфере Ne увеличивается только в <italic>F</italic>-слое, но практически не изменяется в слое <italic>Е</italic>. Различия могут быть обусловлены тем, что в первом случае носители направленного вверх тока представлены всем энергетическим спектром авроральных электронов 1–10 кэВ, а во втором – только низкоэнергичной частью.</p></trans-abstract><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Iijima T., Potemra T.A. 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