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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cosmic Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cosmic Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Космические исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-4206</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5502</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">682927</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0023420625010072</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">HEAUSV</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Simulation of earth's radiation during solar proton events in the process of geomagnetic reversal</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Моделирование радиационной обстановки на земле во время солнечных протонных событий в процессе геомагнитной инверсии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Levashov</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Левашов</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nn.levashov@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsareva</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Царева</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nn.levashov@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Физический факультет</p></bio><email>nn.levashov@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Malova</surname><given-names>H. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малова</surname><given-names>Х. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio><p>Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики им. Д.В. Скобельцына</p></bio><email>nn.levashov@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zelenyi</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зеленый</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>nn.levashov@physics.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Space Research Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт космических исследований РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">HSE University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-01-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>78</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/682927">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/682927</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The radiation from galactic and solar cosmic rays as they pass through the modern and rarefied (as a result of multiple reversals) atmosphere during solar proton events and at the time of geomagnetic reversal is studied. We assume that during the reversal process the geomagnetic field weakens and takes on an axisymmetric quadrupole configuration. It is shown that in the case of a single reversal, when the atmosphere does not have time to change, radiation dose powers increase only at low latitudes and are identical to the modern radiation at the poles. However, during the period of multiple inversions, when the atmosphere is rarefied, the level of radiation at the moment of reversal on the Earth's surface increases, on average, twice as much as today's radiation at all latitudes, which can affect the biosphere.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Исследуется радиационная опасность на Земле от галактических и солнечных космических лучей при прохождении их через современную и разреженную (в результате множественных инверсий) атмосферу во время солнечных протонных событий и в момент геомагнитной инверсии. Полагается, что в процессе инверсии геомагнитное поле ослабевает и принимает осесимметричную квадрупольную конфигурацию. Показано, что в случае однократной инверсии, когда атмосфера не успевает измениться, мощности доз радиации увеличиваются только на низких широтах и идентичны современному радиационному уровню у полюсов. Однако, в период множественных инверсий, когда атмосфера разрежена, уровень радиации в момент инверсии на поверхности Земли повышается, в среднем, в два раза, по сравнению с современным уровнем на всех широтах, что может влиять на биосферу.</p></trans-abstract><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Ministry of Science And Higher Education of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>МК-5053.2022.6</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Маурчев Е.А., Балабин Ю.В., Германенко А.В. и др. Влияние протонов космических лучей на образование вторичных частиц и ионизацию в атмосфере Земли // Труды Кольского научного центра РАН. 2019. Т. 10. № 8(5). 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