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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Cosmic Research</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Cosmic Research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Космические исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0023-4206</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5502</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">699431</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7868/S3034550225060058</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ION RING CURRENT ON THE RECOVERY PHASE OF MAGNETIC STORMS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>ИОННЫЙ КОЛЬЦЕВОЙ ТОК НА ФАЗЕ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ МАГНИТНЫХ БУРЬ</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovtyukh</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковтюх</surname><given-names>A. C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>kovtyukhas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт ядерной физики им. Д. В. Скобельцына Московского государственного университета имени М. В. Ломоносова (НИИЯФ МГУ)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>6</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">VOL 63, NO6 (2025)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">ТОМ 63, №6 (2025)</issue-title><fpage>624</fpage><lpage>643</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-25"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2026-12-24"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/699431">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0023-4206/article/view/699431</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on the results of measurements near the equatorial plane of fluxes and spectra of H<sup>+</sup> and O<sup>+</sup> ions of the magnetospheric ring current (RC) on the <italic>Explorer-45</italic>, <italic>AMPTE/CCE</italic>, <italic>CRRES</italic> and <italic>Van Allen Probes</italic> satellites, a systematic analysis of the spatial distributions of the energy density of these ions on the recovery phase of magnetic storms was carried out. Nine storms of varying intensity were considered, with max|Dst| from 59 to 307 nT. The radial profile of the ion energy density of the RC is characterized by the position of its maximum (<italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub>) and by the ratio of the ion energy density and the magnetic field at this maximum (β<sub>m</sub>), and at <italic>L</italic> &gt; <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> this profile is approximated by the dependence <italic>w</italic>(<italic>L</italic>) = <italic>w</italic><sub>0</sub> exp(−<italic>L</italic>/<italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub>). The distributions of the parameter <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> depending on the index Dst and on MLT, as well as the parameters β<sub>m</sub>, <italic>w</italic><sub>0</sub> and <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> depending on Dst, MLT and <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> were obtained. For H<sup>+</sup> and O<sup>+</sup> ions, as well as for low-energy (<italic>E</italic> &lt; 60 keV) and higher-energy ions, these distributions are different, which is associated with different loss rates of these ions. It is shown that for the RC protons, the average values of the parameters <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> and β<sub>m</sub> usually increase as the recovery phase develops, and the dependence <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub>(Dst) is significantly stronger than in the main phase of storms. During strong storms, on the fast recovery phase, the average value of the <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> parameter for H<sup>+</sup> ions with <italic>E</italic> ≈ 1−300 keV decreases from ~1.7 to ~1.4 (dominance of the RC symmetrization effect by MLT), and for O<sup>+</sup> ions of the same energies, <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> increases from ~0.9 to ~1.2 (dominance of the RC ion losses). According to the estimates made, on the slow recovery phase of strong storms, a significant contribution, from 30 to 50 %, to the total energy of the ion RC can be related to the region on 7 ≤ <italic>L</italic> ≤ 10. It is shown that for some storms the contribution of the RC ions at <italic>L</italic> ≤ 10 to the Dst value is well described by the Dessler–Parker–Sckopke relation, but in other measurements considered here, especially during very strong storms, the contribution of the RC to the Dst value is no more than 40–60 %, and the rest is the part of other magnetospheric current systems.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>По результатам измерений вблизи экваториальной плоскости потоков и спектров ионов H<sup>+</sup> и O<sup>+</sup> магнитосферного кольцевого тока (КТ) на спутниках <italic>Explorer-45</italic>, <italic>AMPTE/CCE</italic>, <italic>CRRES</italic> и <italic>Van Allen Probes</italic> проведен систематический анализ пространственных распределений плотности энергии этих ионов на фазе восстановления магнитных бурь. Рассмотрены 9 бурь разной силы, с max|Dst| от 59 до 307 нТл. Радиальный профиль плотности энергии ионов КТ характеризуется положением его максимума (<italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub>) и отношением плотностей энергии ионов и магнитного поля в этом максимуме (β<sub>m</sub>), а на <italic>L</italic> &gt; <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> этот профиль аппроксимируется зависимостью <italic>w</italic>(<italic>L</italic>) = <italic>w</italic><sub>0</sub> exp(−<italic>L</italic>/<italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub>). Получены распределения параметра <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> в зависимости от индекса Dst и от MLT, а также – параметров β<sub>m</sub>, <italic>w</italic><sub>0</sub> и <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> в зависимости от Dst, MLT и <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub>. Для ионов H<sup>+</sup> и O<sup>+</sup>, а также для ионов малых (<italic>E</italic> &lt; 60 кэВ) и более высоких энергий эти распределения различны, что связано с различными скоростями потерь этих ионов. Показано, что для протонов КТ средние величины параметров <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub> и β<sub>m</sub> обычно увеличиваются по мере развития фазы восстановления, и зависимость <italic>L</italic><sub>m</sub>(Dst) значительно сильнее, чем на главной фазе бурь. Во время сильных бурь, на быстрой фазе восстановления, средняя величина параметра <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> для ионов H<sup>+</sup> с <italic>E</italic> ≈ 1−300 кэВ уменьшается от ~1.7 до ~1.4 (доминирование эффекта симметризации КТ по MLT), а для ионов O<sup>+</sup> тех же энергий <italic>L</italic><sub>0</sub> увеличивается от ~ 0.9 до ~ 1.2 (доминирование потерь ионов КТ). По сделанным оценкам на медленной фазе восстановления, сильных бурь значительный, от 30 до 50 %, вклад в полную энергию ионного КТ может быть связан с областью на 7 &lt; <italic>L</italic> &lt; 10. Показано, что для некоторых бурь вклад ионов КТ на <italic>L</italic> &lt; 10 в величину Dst хорошо описывается соотношением Десслера – Паркера – Скопке, но в других рассмотренных здесь измерениях, особенно во время очень сильных бурь, вклад КТ в величину Dst составляет не более 40−60 %, а остальное приходится на долю других токовых систем магнитосферы.</p></trans-abstract><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Gloeckler G., Hamilton D.C. AMPTE ion composition results // Phys. Scripta. 1987. V. 18. P. 73–84. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031–8949/1987/T18/009</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Daglis I.A., Thorne R.M., Baumjohann W., Orsini S. The terrestrial ring current: Origin, formation, and decay // Rev. Geophys. 1999. V. 37. 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