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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Litologiâ i poleznye iskopaemye</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Litologiâ i poleznye iskopaemye</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Литология и полезные ископаемые</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0024-497X</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5375</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">658448</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0024497X23700118</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">GLZYQW</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Structural Heterogeneity and “Crystallinity” Indices of Natural Kaolinites</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Структурная неоднородность и индексы “кристалличности” природных каолинитов</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakharov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахаров</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>sakharovba@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Drits</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дриц</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>victor.drits@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Geological Institute RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Геологический институт РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><fpage>319</fpage><lpage>337</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-20"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0024-497X/article/view/658448">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0024-497X/article/view/658448</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181323218704">To overcome the existing uncertainty in the interpretation of “crystallinity” indices of kaolinites, HI [Hinckley, 1963], IK [Stoch, Sikora, 1966; Stoch, 1974], QF [Range, Weiss, 1969], AGFI [Aparicio, Galán, 1999; Aparicio et al., 2006], WIRI [Chmielová, Weiss, 2002], their values obtained for a representative collection of 30 kaolinite samples were compared with the results of modeling the corresponding X-ray diffraction patterns. It is shown that all the studied samples consist of a mixture of almost defect-free high ordered HOK and defective low-ordered LOK kaolinite phases, and that there are relationships between the HOK content and the values of the “crystallinity” indices, which are described by different regression equations. The relationship is most pronounced for HOK and the Hinckley index, HI, which is described by the quadratic equation HOK (%) = 12.236 HI<sup>2</sup> + 25.464 HI ‒ 1.2622 with the correlation factor <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> = 0.993. The resulting equations can be used to find concentrations of HOK and LOK in natural kaolinites. Comparison of structural parameters of defective kaolinites obtained by modeling of their X-ray diffraction patterns with those of Expert System [Plançon, Zacharie 1990] showed that the latter sometimes predicts: 1) single-phase highly defective kaolinites, while their diffraction pattern modeling establishes a mixture of HOK and LOK phases; and 2) in two-phase samples, the content of the low-defect phase (ldp) is greater than 100%.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181323216784">Чтобы преодолеть существующую неопределенность в интерпретации индексов “кристалличности” каолинитов, HI [Hinckley, 1963], IK [Stoch, Sikora, 1966; Stoch, 1974], QF [Range, Weiss, 1969], AGFI [Aparicio, Galán, 1999; Aparicio, et al., 2006], WIRI [Chmielová, Weiss, 2002], их значения, полученные для представительной коллекции из 30 каолинитовых образцов, сравнивались с результатами моделирования соответствующих рентгеновских дифракционных картин. Показано, что все изученные образцы состоят из смеси почти бездефектной высокоупорядоченной HOK (high ordered kaolinite) и дефектной низкоупорядоченной LOK (low ordered kaolinite) каолинитовых фаз, и что существуют взаимозависимости между содержанием HOK и значениями индексов “кристалличности”, которые описываются разными регрессионными уравнениями. Лучше всего эта связь проявляется для HOK и индекса Хинкли, HI, которая описывается квадратным уравнением HOK (%) = = 12.236 HI<sup>2</sup> + 25.464 HI ‒ 1.2622 с фактором корреляции <italic>R</italic><sup>2</sup> = 0.993. Полученные уравнения можно использовать для нахождения концентраций HOK и LOK в природных каолинитах. Сравнение результатов моделирования дифракционных картин каолинитов со структурными параметрами, полученными Экспертной системой [Plançon, Zacharie, 1990], показало, что последняя иногда предсказывает: 1) однофазные высокодефектные каолиниты, тогда как моделирование их дифракционных картин устанавливает смесь HOK и LOK фаз, и 2) в двухфазных образцах содержание низкодефектной фазы (ldp – low defect phase) больше 100%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kaolinite</kwd><kwd>defective structure</kwd><kwd>modeling of X-ray diffraction patterns</kwd><kwd>crystallinity indices.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>каолинит</kwd><kwd>дефектная структура</kwd><kwd>моделирование рентгеновских дифракционных картин</kwd><kwd>индексы кристалличности.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Авторы выражают благодарность О.В. Закусиной (Доржиевой) и Д.М. 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