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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Meditsinskaya sestra</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Meditsinskaya sestra</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Медицинская сестра</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0025-8342</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2587-9979</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">679569</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29296/25879979-2025-03-01</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Foreign experience</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Зарубежный опыт</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">History and development of nursing in Uzbekistan: evolution of nursing education system (last 30 years)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>История и развитие сестринского дела в Узбекистане: эволюция системы подготовки среднего медицинского персонала (последние 30 лет)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6576-4720</contrib-id><contrib-id contrib-id-type="spin">5623-1122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Amlaev</surname><given-names>Karen R.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амлаев</surname><given-names>Карэн Робертович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Health Management</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры превентивной медицины, общественного здоровья и менеджмента здравоохранения</p></bio><email>kum672002@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9374-3887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zharilkasynova</surname><given-names>Gaukhar Zh.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жарилкасынова</surname><given-names>Гаухар Жанузаковна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>DSc, Professor, Vice-Rector for Educational Work</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>DSc, профессор, проректор по учебной работе</p></bio><email>gavhar72@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Safoeva</surname><given-names>Mamura O.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафоева</surname><given-names>Мамура Отаджановна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Chief Specialist</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>главный специалист</p></bio><email>bukhara72@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Abu Ali ibn Sino Bukhara State Medical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Бухарский государственный медицинский институт им. Абу Али ибн Сино</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bukhara Regional Health Department</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Бухарское областное управление здравоохранения</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>8</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-12"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-05-12"><day>12</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russkiy Vrach Publishing House</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ИД "Русский врач"</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" start_date="2030-05-13"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0025-8342/article/view/679569">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0025-8342/article/view/679569</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article analyzes the development of nursing in the Republic of Uzbekistan over the 30 years since gaining independence. It emphasizes the transformation of the nurse training system – from the Soviet short-term vocational model to a modern multi-level educational structure. The paper reviews the introduction of new educational standards, the establishment of bachelor’s and master’s programs, and the impact of international partners on the reform of content and teaching methodologies. It highlights achievements and persistent challenges: staff shortages in rural areas, limited career opportunities for university graduates, and insufficient autonomy in clinical decision-making. The authors conclude that further development of the profession and strengthening of the nurse’s institutional role in healthcare are required.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье анализируются этапы развития сестринского дела в Республике Узбекистан за 30 лет после обретения независимости. Подчеркнута трансформация системы подготовки медсестер – от советской модели краткосрочного профессионального обучения до современного многоуровневого образования. Рассматриваются новые образовательные стандарты, внедрение бакалавриата и магистратуры, влияние международных партнеров на реформу содержания и методы преподавания. Освещаются достигнутые успехи и сохраняющиеся проблемы: нехватка кадров в сельской местности, ограниченные возможности карьерного роста для выпускников с высшим образованием, недостаточная автономия в клинической практике. Делается вывод о необходимости дальнейшего развития профессии и укрепления институциональной роли медсестры в системе здравоохранения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nursing</kwd><kwd>medical colleges</kwd><kwd>higher nursing education</kwd><kwd>healthcare reforms</kwd><kwd>international cooperation</kwd><kwd>nurse</kwd><kwd>workforce training</kwd><kwd>patient-centered care</kwd><kwd>bachelor’s degree</kwd><kwd>Uzbekistan</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сестринское дело</kwd><kwd>медицинские колледжи</kwd><kwd>высшее сестринское образование</kwd><kwd>реформы в здравоохранении</kwd><kwd>международное сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>медицинская сестра</kwd><kwd>подготовка кадров</kwd><kwd>пациент-ориентированный уход</kwd><kwd>бакалавриат</kwd><kwd>Узбекистан</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Muminova G.E., Toshpulatov B.Sh. 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