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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Petroleum Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Petroleum Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нефтехимия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0028-2421</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5626</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">655603</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0028242123040111</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">OMKRKY</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Influence of Synthesis Conditions on the Performance of Palladium–Copper Ethanol-to-Butanol Conversion Catalysts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние условий синтеза на активность палладий-медных катализаторов конверсии этанола в бутанол</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>serge2000@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ezzhelenko</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эзжеленко</surname><given-names>Д. И</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>petrochem@ips.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистяков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>petrochem@ips.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chistyakova</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чистякова</surname><given-names>П. А</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>petrochem@ips.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsodikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цодиков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>petrochem@ips.ac.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Chemistry, Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт нефтехимического синтеза им. А.В. Топчиева РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">NO4 (2023)</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru">№4 (2023)</issue-title><fpage>566</fpage><lpage>581</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-11"><day>11</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0028-2421/article/view/655603">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0028-2421/article/view/655603</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The influence of the synthesis conditions on the performance of Pd–Cu ethanol-to-butanol conversion catalysts was studied. The optimum conditions for forming the most active system 0.2%Cu/0.3%Pd/Al2O3 are as follows: sample synthesis by Al2O3 impregnation from aqueous solutions of Pd and Cu nitrates; deposition of the metal precursors in succession; total content of Pd and Cu in the sample 0.5 wt %; Pd : Сu molar ratio 1 : 1; catalyst reduction temperature 200○С. As shown by TEM, XPS, TPD-NH3, TPR-H2, XRD, and N2 adsorption, the surface of the most active catalyst contains Pd0Cu0 particles with the mean size of 4 ± 2 nm. The bimetallic particles are an alloy with the fcc structure and Pd : Cu ratio of 40 : 60. At 275○C, the performance of 0.2%Cu/0.3%Pd/Al2O3 is 182 × 10–4 mol h–1 g–1. The value obtained is higher by several orders of magnitude than the performance of the reference catalysts M1/Al2O3 (M1 = Fe, Ni, Co) and by an order of magnitude than that of the reference catalysts M2/Al2O3 (M2 = Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Pt–Re, Ni–Mo).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Изучено влияние условий синтеза на активность Pd-Cu-катализаторов конверсии этанола в бутанол. Установлено, что оптимальными условиями для формирования наиболее активной системы 0.2%Cu/0.3%Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>являются: синтез образца пропиткой Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>из водных растворов нитратов Pd и Cu; последовательный порядок нанесения прекурсоров металлов; суммарное содержание Pd и Cu в образце - 0.5 мас. %; мольное отношение Pd:Сu = 1:1; температура восстановления катализатора - 200°С. На основании данных ПЭМ, РФЭС, ТПД-NH<sub>3</sub>, ТПВ-H<sub>2</sub>, РФА и адсорбции N<sub>2</sub>, установлено, что поверхность наиболее активного катализатора содержит частицы Pd<sup>0</sup>Cu<sup>0 </sup>со средним размером 4 ± 2 нм. Биметаллические частицы представляют собой сплав с гранецентрированной кристаллической структурой и мольным отношением Pd к Cu = 40:60. При 275<sup>○</sup>C, активность 0.2%Cu/0.3%Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>равна 182×10<sup>-4 </sup>моль∙ч<sup>-1</sup>г<sup>-1</sup>. Полученное значение на несколько порядков выше значений активности катализаторов сравнения состава M<sub>1</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>(M<sub>1 </sub>= Fe, Ni, Co) и на порядок выше активности катализаторов сравнения состава M<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>(M<sub>2 </sub>= Ru, Rh, Pt, Pd, Pt-Re, Ni-Mo).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>PdCu</kwd><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>ethanol</kwd><kwd>butanol</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>этанол</kwd><kwd>бутанол</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Ушаков Н.В. Селективное гидрирование дициклопентадиена // Журн. прикл. химии. 2020. Т. 93. С. 155-163. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0044461820020012</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Ushakov N.V. Selective hydrogenation of dicyclopentadiene // Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 2020. V. 93. 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