PrirodaPrirodaПрирода0032-874XAkademizdatcenter Nauka62808810.7868/S0032874X21120061ArticlesСтатьиResearch Article2021 Nobel Prize Laureates in Chemistry: Benjamin List and David W.C.MacMillanЛауреаты Нобелевской премии 2021 года. По химии — Беньямин Лист и Дэвид МакМилланZlotinS. GЗлотинС. Гzlotin@ioc.ac.ruZelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, RASИнститут органической химии имени Н.Д. Зелинского РАН1612202112NO12 (2021)№12 (2021)354402032024Copyright ©; 2021, Издательство «Наука»2021Издательство «Наука»https://journals.eco-vector.com/0032-874X/article/view/628088

In 2021 the Nobel Prize of Chemistry was awarded to professors Benjamin List of the Max Planck Institute for Coal Research (Germany) and David W.C.MacMillan of the Princeton University (USA) “for the development of asymmetric organocatalysis”, a method that uses small organic molecules as catalysts instead of enzymes or metals. This innovation in molecular construction has led to catalysts that are convenient in handling, less expensive, and environmentally friendly. Asymmetric organocatalysis is especially important to the drug discovery process. Biologically active molecules are often chiral, and organocatalysts provide a way to make candidate drug compounds enantioselectively, efficiently and quickly.

В 2021 г. Нобелевская премия по химии присуждена профессорам Беньямину Листу из Института исследования угля Общества Макса Планка (Германия) и Дэвиду МакМиллану из Принстонского университета (США) за разработку асимметрического органокатализа — метода органического синтеза, основанного на применении в качестве катализаторов малых хиральных «безметальных» органических молекул (органокатализаторов). Преимуществом органокатализаторов перед металлокомплексными катализаторами и ферментами является их меньшая стоимость, простота в обращении и экологичность (зеленая химия). Метод открывает новые возможности для создания более эффективных и лишенных вредных побочных эффектов энантиомерно чистых лекарственных препаратов.

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