Detection of cognitive deficit in a therapist's practice: Review of screening scales


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Abstract

Acute and chronic cognitive impairments quite often complicate visceral diseases. In this connection, it is important for a therapist to know brief scales to screen for cognitive impairments. Tests, such as a six-component screener, a short orientation-memory-concentration test, a short portable mental status questionnaire, Hodkinson's abbreviated mental test (AMT) (AMT-4 and AMT-10), a clock drawing test, and 4 'A's Test (4AT) may be used for the primary assessment of cognitive functions. Mini-Mental Status Examination may be further used if dementia is suspected; the Montreal Cognitive Assessment may be applied to identify moderate cognitive impairments. Special scales, such as the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit, are employed to diagnose acute cognitive dysfunction.

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Выявление когнитивного дефицита в практике терапевта: обзор скрининговых шкал. - Аннотация. Острые и хронические когнитивные нарушения нередко осложняют течение заболеваний внутренних органов. В связи с этим терапевту важно знать краткие шкалы для проведения скринингового обследования больных для выявления у них когнитивных нарушений. Для начальной оценки когнитивных функций можно использовать такие тесты, как шестикомпонентный скрининговый тест, краткий тест ориентация-память-внимание, короткий портативный опросник для оценки психических функций, тест умственных способностей Ходкинсона (AMT-10, AMT-4), тест рисования часов, четырехфакторный скрининговый тест на когнитивные нарушения и делирий. В дальнейшем при подозрении на деменцию можно использовать краткую шкалу оценки психического статуса, для выявления умеренных когнитивных нарушений - Монреальский тест когнитивной оценки. В диагностике острых когнитивных нарушений используются специальные шкалы, такие как метод оценки спутанности сознания для отделений реанимации и интенсивной терапии.
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About the authors

M A Kutlubaev

Email: mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.com

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