The role of primary care nurses in preventive medicine: a review of foreign and domestic practices (literature review)

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Abstract

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular pathologies, diabetes mellitus, oncological, and respiratory diseases, are closely related to behavioral risk factors, which makes prevention a key element of modern healthcare. Prevention at the primary health care level is recognized worldwide as a key tool for reducing morbidity and economic burden on health systems. The purpose of the study was to study the role of primary care nurses in the institutions of preventive care for the population in foreign countries and Russia. The search was carried out in domestic and international bibliographic databases eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar for 2020–2025 by keywords: "the role of nurses in preventive care", "successful preventive practices under the guidance of nurses", "effectiveness of preventive care". Nurses play a key role in the implementation of prevention programs, including educational strategies, screening and early detection of diseases, health promotion and disease prevention, as well as interaction with other healthcare professionals. The international experience of managing preventive work has been studied. The features of preventive activities of nurses in the Russian Federation (RF), including the work of pre-medical reception rooms and Health Schools, are considered. The factors influencing the effectiveness of preventive work are analyzed: managerial conditions, staff training level, material and technical support. The prospects for the development of preventive medicine, including the use of modern technologies by nurses, are discussed. Nurses were concluded to have a significant potential in reducing the incidence of chronic pathologies and optimizing the healthcare system. The need for further improvement of the management of preventive work at the primary care level is emphasized.

About the authors

Yulia V. Burkovskaya

Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: BurkovskayaYV@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7620-0207
researcher, Department of scientific foundations of healthcare management, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, 115088, Russian Federation

Anastasia V. Gazheva

Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department

Email: GazhevaAV@zdrav.mos.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2665-5606
PhD (Medicine), Associate Professor, researcher, scientific foundations of healthcare management, Research Institute for Healthcare Organization and Medical Management of Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, 115088, Russian Federation

Tatiana B. Sviridova

Branch of the Federal State Budgetary Military Educational Institution of Higher Education Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov

Email: T-sviridova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9918-5118
PhD (Economy), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of nursing management of the Branch of the Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov, St. Petersburg, 194044, Russian Federation

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