In 2014, increasing of mortality is observed in the Republic of Crimea. The attempts to normalize situation using common preventive means turned out to be not enough effective. The purpose of study is to analyze causes of deterioration of demographic situation and to substantiate measures of efficacious prevention. The data of state statistics was used as a primary material. The mortality of main non-infectious diseases prevailed in the structure of human losses. However, its dependence on classical risk factors had no factual confirmation. The ecological situation ameliorated. The health care system maintained a needed stability. The deterioration of psychic condition of population was detected. The suggestion was expressed concerning its effect on somatic reserves of health. In conditions of etiological uncertainty of mortality decreasing a personalized prevention was proposed targeting management of health reserves under control of personal risks. The percentage of Crimea population with redundant lethal risk makes up to no more than 5%. The modernization of actual dispensarization system is proposed to detecting and health improving them. The working population is proposed to pass screening examination without breaking labor process on the basis of health posts (health room) of enterprises. The traveling diagnostic teams can be used. The idle population is examined in the departments of prevention in polyclinics. The low cost prognostic technologies are used. The selection of individually efficient health promoting measures requires long work with patient. to implement this approach a third stage of dispensarization is proposed using innovative health promoting technologies. The medical social workers are involved into this activity. The trade union organizations can play an important role in the prevention system functioning. The particular attention is paid to using health promoting possibilities of recreation institution of Crimea.