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No 6 (2020)
- Year: 2020
- Articles: 14
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/0044-3948/issue/view/8690
Articles
Editorial
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):3-4
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Forests From Space
Abstract
Forests are the most common type of the terrestrial ecosystems. Covering about one third of the total land area, they produce almost two thirds of organic matter, sustain oxygen and energy balance, and control global biochemistry and biophysics, including water and carbon cycles on our planet. However, what can be said about the current state of terrestrial forests? Where do they grow, how many species are there, what is their productivity, how fast do they change? And, last but not the least, are they – and will they be – capable to regulate climate and water cycle, function as a habitat for many plant and animal species, factor of human health, and a source of timber. What is the scope of the impact, which anthropogenic (i.e. having human origin) factors have on the terrestrial forests, and will they result in the degradation of forests.
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):5-17
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Global Challenges, Forests and Earth Remote Sensing
Abstract
Closed cycle bioeconomy is an alternative to a linear economy based on fossil fuels, which has already led us to environment degradation and decrease of biodiversity. Development of such bioeconomy is an effective response to modern global challenges: Earth population growth, globalization, urbanization, migration, and climate changes. Preserving forest biodiversity and maintaining the balance between their ecosystem services are key prerequisites for biosphere to function and, in the same time, for our state – to develop economically.
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):18-26
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Seismogenic-triggered hypothesis of reinforcement of gas emission and climate warming in the Arctic
Abstract
A seismogenic-triggered hypothesis is proposed to explain the abrupt activization of methane emission and climate warming phases in the Arctic as a result of strong mechanical disturbances in the marginal region of the Arctic lithosphere. Those disturbances might have been caused by great earthquakes in the Aleutian subduction zone, and slowly propagated across the Arctic shelf and adjacent regions, triggering the methane release from permafrost and metastable gas hydrates, followed by greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere.
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):27-36
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Seismic Deformations in Kyrkhudzhra ancient settlement on the Silk Road in Pap Region of Uzbekistan
Abstract
Results obtained during archeological and paleogeographic studies testify a fact that delta part of the Gavasay river (tributary of the Syrdariya river) was cultivated in X century BC. Irrigation agriculture was flourishing during 500 years here. Pap (Bap) city with its square 10 ha was built in V century BC in territory of Kyrkhudzhra ancient settlement. The city consists of three parts: citadel, shahristan, and suburb (rabat). After 4 centuries Kyrkhudzhra, as well as all other cities of the northern Fergana, suffered from a strong earthquake in 90s BC. New fort walls of 8 m width were built in Kyrkhudzhra after this, with old walls used as a basement. In IV–V century AD because of strong destructions during next strong earthquake the population left Kyrkhudzhra settlement. Severe destructions and damages of specific structure revealed during the study point undoubtedly on seismic genesis of deformations in Kyrkhudzhra settlement. Judging by a fact of impossibility to determine a systematics in Kyrkhudzhra ruins, the source of ancient earthquake was near the settlement. The settlement itself is on rewashed adyrs – growing intradepression anticlinal uplifts. Seismically active faults located under adyrs are responsible for uplifts’ formation, growth, and seismic activity. Rupture planes formed during ancient and recent strong earthquakes are also under the adyrs. Analysis of existing geological and tectonic materials on study region has allowed revealing geological reasons of seismic processes. These processes are predetermined by neotectonic history of tectonic development and by the position of the North Fergana seismic zone in general structure of the Western Tien Shan. It is necessary to consider an important factor of increasing of the seismic risk because Namangan Oblast’ is in foothill territory – directly in the North Fergana fault zone and concurrently in flexure-rupture zone of the same name. Thus, Namangan Oblast’ is in the sphere of their active influence. Summarizing, let’s note that from one hand, geodynamic processes tied with tectonic regime of the North Fergana fault and flexurerupture zone with the same name are continue to develop. On the other hand, taking into account strong earthquake reoccurrence interval, an absence of strong earthquake with magnitude of М ≥ 5.0 in Namangan seismic zone during more than 36 years is a significant reason for declaration of alarm of expectation of the strong earthquake with М ≥ 5.0 in Namangan Oblast’, including Pap Region where Kyrkhudzhra archeological monument is located.
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):37-59
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Chandrayaan 2 Keeps On the Orbit
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):60-63
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School. Summer. Space
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):64-68
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Summer Space School 2020
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):69-71
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Young Physicists Quiz of the RAS Physical Sciences Division. Part 2. Tasks
Abstract
С 4 по 24 мая 2020 года, в период вынужденной самоизоляции для многих граждан нашей страны, Отделение физических наук РАН провело Всероссийскую онлайн-викторину юных физиков. Вопросы и задачи викторины, предложенные членами и профессорами РАН, были ориентированы на школьников, интересующихся физикой и астрономией.
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):72-74
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Athanasius Kircher (1602–1680)
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):75-88
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The Simplest Photon Rocket
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):89-93
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France In the Sky
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):94-95
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Progressor Strugazky In the Past And In the Future
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):96-97
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Mikhail I. Panasyuk (14.08.1945–03.11.2020)
Zemlâ i vselennaâ. 2020;(6):98-98
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