Phenomena of Atmospheric Electricity. Final part and Glossary


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Resumo

The final part of the paper presents the diversity of the forms, which lightnings can take, and briefly discusses possible reasons underlying the existence of many types of atmospheric discharges. The paper is accompanied by a short glossary containing the main terms common for this field of study.

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Sobre autores

A. Sysoev

Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences; Privolzhsky Research Medical University

D. Iudin

Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences; Privolzhsky Research Medical University; National Research University Higher School of Economics

Bibliografia

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  2. Rakov V.A. Lightning: Physics and effects / V.A. Rakov, M.A. Uman. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003. 687 p.
  3. Karunarathna Nadeeka. Initiation locations of lightning flashes relative to radar reflectivity in four small florida thunderstorms / Nadeeka Karunarathna, Thomas C. Marshall, Sumedhe Karunarathne, Maribeth Stolzenburg // Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2017. V. 122, No. 12. P. 6565–6591.
  4. Proctor D.E. Regions where lightning flashes began / D.E. Proctor // J. Geophys. Res. 1991. V. 96. P. 5099–5112).
  5. Kostinskiy A. Yu. Observation of a new class of electric discharges within artificial clouds of charged water droplets and its implication for lightning initiation within thunderclouds / Kostinskiy A. Yu., Syssoev V.S., Bogatov N.A. et al. // Geophys. Res. Lett. 2015. V. 42. P. 8165–8171.
  6. Syssoev A.A. Numerical simulation of stepping and branching processes in negative lightning leaders / Syssoev A.A., Iudin D.I., Bulatov A.A., Rakov V.A. // Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2020. V. 125, No. 7. P. e2019JD031360.
  7. Qi Q. High-speed video observations of the fine structure of a natural negative stepped leader at close distance / Q. Qi, W. Lu, Y. Ma et al. // Atmospheric Research. 2016. V. 178–179. P. 260–267.
  8. Kostinskiy A. Yu. Abrupt elongation (stepping) of negative and positive leaders culminating in an intense corona streamer burst: Observations in long sparks and implications for lightning / Kostinskiy A. Yu., Syssoev V.S., Bogatov N.A. et al. // Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. 2018. V. 123, No. 10. P. 5360–5375.
  9. Базелян Э.М. Физика молнии и молниезащиты / Базелян Э.М., Райзер Ю.П. М.: Физматлит, 2001. 320 с.
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  12. Rakov V.A. A review of positive and bipolar lightning discharges / Rakov V.A. // Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 2003. V. 84, No. 6. P. 767–776.
  13. Siingh D. Discharges in the stratosphere and mesosphere / Siingh D., Singh R.P., Singh A.K. et al. // Space Science Reviews. 2012. V. 169. P. 73–121.
  14. Костинский А. Молниеносная жизнь эльфов и гномов, «Вокруг света», № 12, 2009, URL: http://www.vokrugsveta.ru/vs/article/6809/.
  15. Su H.T. Gigantic jets between a thundercloud and the ionosphere / Su H.T., Hsu R.R., Chen A.B. et al. // Nature. 2003. V. 423. P. 974–976.
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