Human PhysiologyHuman PhysiologyФизиология человека0131-16463034-6150The Russian Academy of Sciences66396810.31857/S0131164622600379APBDJUArticlesСтатьиNeurofunctional Organization of Working Memory on the Basic Characteristics of Visual Space in Males and FemalesОсобенности нейрофункциональной организации рабочей памяти для базовых характеристик зрительного пространства у мужчин и женщинMikhailovaE. S.МихайловаЕ. С.esmikhailova@mail.ruKushnirA. B.КушнирА. Б.esmikhailova@mail.ruMoshnikovaN. Yu.МошниковаН. Ю.esmikhailova@mail.ruInstitute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of RASФГБУН Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии РАН01012023491284125022025Copyright ©; 2023, Е.С. Михайлова, А.Б. Кушнир, Н.Ю. МошниковаCopyright ©; 2023, Е.С. Михайлова, А.Б. Кушнир, Н.Ю. Мошникова2023Е.С. Михайлова, А.Б. Кушнир, Н.Ю. МошниковаЕ.С. Михайлова, А.Б. Кушнир, Н.Ю. Мошниковаhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/663968

Thirty eight subjects (19 males and 19 females) performed the working memory task on orientations. In males, the higher sensitivity of the early occipito-temporal negativity N150 to the match/mismatch between current and stored orientations indicates the more effective early detection of changes in orientations. A higher amplitude of the P200 component of the occipital-temporal ERPs and central positivity of 400–500 ms in males compared to females is considered as indicator of the higher selective attention to orientations and the potential possibility of retaining in memory a larger information about the spatial properties of the environment. In was found a statistically significant relationship between the reaction time of the working memory performance and assessments of navigational behavior strategies according self-report questionnaires. It was suggested that the more effective visual-spatial working memory on the orientations is the important biological factor underlying the more effective navigation strategy that based on global spatial environmental characteristics.

В группе 38 испытуемых (19 женщин) в задаче рабочей памяти (РП) обнаружены половые различия нейронных механизмов сопоставления ориентационных характеристик зрительного пространства. У мужчин бо̀льшая по сравнению с женщинами чувствительность амплитуды ранней затылочно-височной негативности N150 к совпадению/несовпадению текущей и удерживаемой в памяти ориентаций говорит об эффективном раннем детектировании изменений ориентаций. Более высокая амплитуда компонента Р200 затылочно-височных связанных с событием потенциалов и центральной позитивности 400–500 мс у мужчин по сравнению с женщинами рассматривается как показатель более высокого уровня селективного внимания к ориентациям и потенциальной возможности удержания в памяти бо̀льшего объема информации о пространственных характеристиках среды. В работе установлена статистически значимая связь времени реакции выполнения задачи РП и оценок стратегий навигационного поведения по данным опросников. Предполагается, что эффективная зрительно-пространственная РП на ориентации является одним из важных биологических факторов, лежащих в основе более успешной навигационной стратегии, учитывающей глобальные пространственные ориентиры.

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