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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Human Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Human Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0131-1646</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6150</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">664012</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0131164624030056</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BUNNJT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Electroencephalographic features of alcohol use disorders with different decision-making efficiency in risk conditions</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Электроэнцефалографические особенности больных алкогольной зависимостью с разной эффективностью принятия решений в условиях риска</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galkin</surname><given-names>S. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галкин</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>s01091994@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ Научно-исследовательский институт психического здоровья, Томский национальный исследовательский медицинский центр РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-09-16" publication-format="electronic"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>62</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664012">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664012</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In order to identify the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the violation of decision-making in risk conditions, we conducted a comparative analysis of spectral EEG indicators of patients with alcohol use disorders with different effectiveness of their decision-making in a number of cognitive tasks. As a result of the cluster analysis, two subgroups of patients were identified: with “moderate” and with “pronounced” decision-making deficit, which did not differ in socio–demographic and clinical indicators (p &gt; 0.05). The subgroup of patients with a “pronounced” decision-making deficit differed statistically significantly lower values of the spectral power of θ- and α-rhythm in the central (p = 0.018 for θ-rhythm and p = 0.017 for α-rhythm), parietal (p = 0.031 for θ-rhythm and p = 0.014 for α-rhythm), occipital (p = 0.029 for θ-rhythm and p = 0.016 for α-rhythm) and temporal (p = 0.022 on the left and p = 0.043 on the right for α-rhythm) leads compared with patients with “moderate” decision-making deficit. Thus, in a subgroup of patients with a “pronounced” deficit of decision-making, a certain deficit of the brain’s inhibitory systems was noted.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>С целью выявления нейрофизиологических механизмов, лежащих в основе нарушения принятия решений в условиях риска, проведен сравнительный анализ спектральных показателей электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) больных алкогольной зависимостью с разной эффективностью принятия ими решений в ряде когнитивных задач. В результате кластер-анализа было выделено две подгруппы больных: с "умеренным" и с "выраженным" дефицитом принятия решений, которые не различались по социально–демографическим и клиническим показателям (<italic>р</italic> &gt; 0.05). Подгруппа больных с "выраженным" дефицитом принятия решений отличалась статистически значимо меньшими значениями спектральной мощности θ- и α-ритма в центральных (<italic>р</italic> = 0.018 для θ-ритма и <italic>р</italic> = 0.017 для α-ритма), теменных (<italic>р</italic> = 0.031 для θ-ритма и <italic>р</italic> = 0.014 для α-ритма), затылочных (<italic>р</italic> = 0,029 для θ-ритма и <italic>р</italic> = 0.016 для α-ритма) и височных (<italic>р</italic> = 0.022 слева и <italic>р</italic> = 0.043 справа для α-ритма) отведениях по сравнению с пациентами с "умеренным" дефицитом принятия решений. Таким образом, в подгруппе больных с "выраженным" дефицитом принятия решений отмечен определенный дефицит тормозных систем головного мозга.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alcohol use disorders</kwd><kwd>decision-making</kwd><kwd>risk</kwd><kwd>spectral power</kwd><kwd>quantitative EEG</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алкоголизм</kwd><kwd>принятие решений</kwd><kwd>риск</kwd><kwd>спектральная мощность</kwd><kwd>количественная ЭЭГ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-75-00023</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Glantz M.D., Bharat C., Degenhardt L. et al. 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