Human PhysiologyHuman PhysiologyФизиология человека0131-16463034-6150The Russian Academy of Sciences66402810.31857/S0131164624030086BUJEPEОБЗОРЫReview ArticleRespiratory sinus arrhythmia: physiological mechanisms and relationship with systemic blood pressure fluctuationsДыхательная синусовая аритмия: физиологические механизмы и связь с колебаниями системного артериального давленияVinogradovaO. L.ВиноградоваО. Л.
Russian Federation
microgravity@mail.ruBorovikA. S.БоровикА. С.
Russian Federation
microgravity@mail.ruZhedyaevR. Yu.ЖедяевР. Ю.
Russian Federation
microgravity@mail.ruTarasovaО. S.ТарасоваО. С.
Russian Federation
microgravity@mail.ruInstitute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of SciencesФГБУН ГНЦ РФ – Институт медико-биологических проблем РАНMoscow State UniversityМосковский государственный университет имени М.В. Ломоносова1609202450310211325022025Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664028

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) reflects the functioning of the nervous heart control, predominantly of a parasympathetic nature. The study of RSA mechanisms helps to reveal the physiological patterns of regulation of cardiac activity, and the development of new approaches to its assessment is an urgent medical task. This review will examine experimental approaches that have contributed to the development of modern ideas about autonomic nervous system role in the formation of RSA, as well as the connection between RSA and frequency-matched fluctuations in systemic blood pressure. In addition, we will consider new data on the phase relationships of fluctuations in heart rate and blood pressure in the frequency range of respiratory waves, obtained using wavelet analysis of these physiological signals.

Дыхательная синусовая аритмия (ДСА) отражает функционирование механизмов нервной регуляции сердца, преимущественно парасимпатической природы. Изучение механизмов ДСА способствует раскрытию физиологических закономерностей регуляции сердечной деятельности, а разработка новых подходов к ее оценке является актуальной медицинской задачей. В данном обзоре рассмотрены экспериментальные подходы, обеспечившие становление современных представлений о роли автономной нервной системы в формировании ДСА, а также о связи ДСА с соответствующими по частоте колебаниями системного артериального давления. Кроме того, обсуждены новые данные о фазовых соотношениях колебаний сердечного ритма и артериального давления в частотном диапазоне дыхательных волн, полученные с использованием вейвлет-анализа этих физиологических сигналов.

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