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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Human Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Human Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0131-1646</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6150</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">664057</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0131164624050026</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">AOQDIL</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Val66Met Polymorphism of the BDNF Gene and Work Intellectual Complexity: Associations with Speed Characteristics of Cognitive Activity in Aging</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title><italic>Val66met</italic> полиморфизм гена <italic>BDNF</italic> и интеллектуальная насыщенность среды профессиональной деятельности: ассоциации со скоростными характеристиками когнитивной деятельности при старении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volf</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вольф</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>volfnv@neuronm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Privodnova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Приводнова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>privodnovaeu@neuronm.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт нейронаук и медицины</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-11-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664057">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664057</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The high heterogeneity of cognitive aging is explained by the influence of both genetic and environmental factors. It has been shown that increasing cognitive reserve prevents the development of aging-related cognitive impairment. Education and level of professional activity are considered external factors in the formation of cognitive reserve. BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) is a neurotrophic factor involved in the processes of plasticity of the mature brain. A polymorphism (Val66Met) of the BDNF gene is associated with differential expression of BDNF, suggesting its potential role in the on cognitive training outcomes. The associations between Val66Met polymorphism and the effectiveness of mental training caused by and work intellectual complexity throughout adult life (in our study, a comparison of scientists - SA and people not associated with professional scientific activities — NSA remain unstudied. The objective of the study was to assess the modulating effect of these factors in relation to aging-related changes in the processes of attention and figurative creativity in models that allow us to consider both the efficiency and speed aspects of activity. The study involved 257 healthy young and 162 elderly Caucasians belonging to the groups of SA and NSA. It has been shown that the Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene is associated with the influence of the level of professional activity on the efficiency of cognitive functions only in elderly subjects. At a higher intensity of intellectual activity (SA), Val/Val, but not Val/Met carriers, showed a reduction in the average reaction time in the Attention network test and an increase in fluency when testing figurative creativity compared to similar indicators of elderly subjects in the NSA group. The results obtained indicate greater plasticity of cognitive functions in carriers of the Val/Val genotype and may be used for prediction and development of methods for differentiated correction of age-related cognitive decline.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Высокая гетерогенность когнитивного старения объясняется влиянием как генетических, так и средовых факторов. Показано, что повышение когнитивного резерва препятствует развитию обусловленных старением когнитивных нарушений. Внешними факторами формирования когнитивного резерва считаются уровень образования и профессиональной деятельности. <italic>BDNF</italic> (<italic>brain-derived neurotrophic factor</italic>) – нейротропный фактор, вовлеченный в процессы пластичности зрелого мозга. Полиморфизм (<italic>Val66Met</italic>) гена <italic>BDNF </italic>связан с различной экспрессией <italic>BDNF</italic>, что предполагает его потенциальную роль в отношении результативности когнитивного тренинга. Ассоциации между <italic>Val66Met</italic> полиморфизмом и эффективностью ментального тренинга, обусловленного интеллектуальной насыщенностью среды профессиональной деятельности на протяжении всей взрослой жизни (в данном исследовании сравнение ученых – НД, и людей, не связанных с профессиональной научной деятельностью, – ННД) остаются неизученными. Задачей исследования было оценить модулирующее влияние этих факторов в отношении обусловленных старением изменений процессов внимания и образной креативности в моделях, позволяющих рассмотреть как эффективность, так и скоростные аспекты деятельности. В исследовании приняли участие 257 здоровых европеоидов молодого и 162 пожилого возраста, относящихся к группам НД и ННД. Показано, что <italic>Val66Met </italic>полиморфизм гена <italic>BDNF</italic> ассоциирован с влиянием уровня профессиональной деятельности на эффективность когнитивных функций только у пожилых испытуемых. При более высокой интеллектуальной активности (НД) у <italic>Val</italic>/<italic>Val</italic>, но не у <italic>Val</italic>/<italic>Met</italic> носителей наблюдаются меньшие значения среднего времени реакции в <italic>ANT</italic> (<italic>Аttention network test</italic>) и более высокие значения беглости при тестировании образной креативности по сравнению с аналогичными показателями пожилых испытуемых в группе ННД. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о большей пластичности когнитивных функций у носителей <italic>Val</italic>/<italic>Val</italic> генотипа и могут быть использованы для прогноза и разработки методов дифференцированной коррекции возрастного когнитивного снижения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>BDNF</kwd><kwd>Val66Met polymorphism</kwd><kwd>cognitive training</kwd><kwd>Аttention network test</kwd><kwd>figurative creativity</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>BDNF</kwd><kwd>Val66Met полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>когнитивный тренинг</kwd><kwd>Аttention network test</kwd><kwd>образная креативность</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>122042700001-9</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Nyber L., Boraxbek C.J., Sörman D.E. et al. 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