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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Human Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Human Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0131-1646</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6150</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">664112</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0131164624040111</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BSPNVM</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> Ratio in Blood Serum as a Criterion of Human Functional State</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> отношение в сыворотке крови как критерий функционального состояния человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Natochin</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наточин</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>natochin1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии имени И.М. Сеченова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664112">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664112</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article discusses the physiological significance of the Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ratio in blood serum as a criterion of a person’s functional state. Normally, in an adult, the ratio is 32.2 ± 0.5, it increases in a healthy person under the influence of extreme factors (space flight (cosmonauts, astronauts), long-term strict bedrest, etc.), with Covid-19 disease, and some orphan diseases in children. The issue of Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> in blood serum is being discussed, but not between the K<sup>+</sup>-rich cell and the Na<sup>+</sup>-dominated extracellular environment. The Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ratio in blood serum is considered as an important parameter of a person’s physiological state and, depending on the numerical value, as an indicator of the functional state from normal to overload, severe complications to the prognosis of death.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В данной статье обсуждается вопрос о физиологическом значении Na+/K+ отношения в сыворотке крови как критерия функционального состояния человека. В норме у взрослых оно составляет 32.2 ± 0.5, возрастает при действии экстремальных факторов полета в космос (космонавты, астронавты), длительном строгом постельном режиме, тяжелых вариантах течения Ковид-19, обострении некоторых орфанных заболеваний у детей. Функциональное значение Na+/K+ отношения касается сыворотки крови, а не трансмембранного градиента ионов между клеткой, богатой K+, и внеклеточной средой, где доминирует Na+, и служит показателем физиологического состояния человека.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>kidney</kwd><kwd>water-salt balance</kwd><kwd>gravitation physiology</kwd><kwd>Covid-19</kwd><kwd>cystic fibrosis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>почка</kwd><kwd>водно-солевой обмен</kwd><kwd>гравитационная физиология</kwd><kwd>сыворотка крови</kwd><kwd>Na+/K+ отношение</kwd><kwd>Ковид-19</kwd><kwd>муковисцидоз</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-00264-24-00</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tietz N.W. 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