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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Human Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Human Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0131-1646</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6150</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">664116</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0131164624040124</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">BSJTMJ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Results of a 100-Year Study of the Problem of Overtraining</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Итоги 100-летнего изучения проблемы перетренированности</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gavrilovaea@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Churganov</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чурганов</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gavrilovaea@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И.И. Мечникова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-10-31" publication-format="electronic"><day>31</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>50</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>144</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664116">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/664116</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper provides a historical review of the concepts of overtraining in sports since 1923 and summarizes the results of the study of the problem. The author’s concept of overtraining syndrome is considered from the perspective of the theory of stress and adaptation. The commonality of overtraining with the syndrome of relative energy deficiency in sports and disruption of adaptation of the circulatory apparatus is shown. Much attention in the article is paid to non-training stress, which under certain conditions can become the leading cause of overtraining syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В данной работе проведен исторический обзор концепций перетренированности в спорте с 1923 г. и подведены итоги изучения проблемы. Рассмотрена авторская концепция синдрома перетренированности с позиций теории стресса и адаптации. Показана общность перетренированности с синдромом относительного дефицита энергии в спорте и нарушением адаптации аппарата кровообращения. Большое внимание в статье уделено внетренировочному стрессу, который при определенных условиях может стать лидирующей причиной синдрома перетренированности.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sports</kwd><kwd>overtraining syndrome</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спорт</kwd><kwd>синдром перетренированности</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>McKenzie R.T. The place of manipulation and corrective gymnastics in treatment // Cal. State J. Med. 1923. V. 21. № 11. Р. 480.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Carrard J., Rigort A.C., Herzog C. et al. Diagnosing Overtraining Syndrome: A scoping review // Sports Health. 2022. V. 14. № 5. P. 665.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>La Torre M.E., Monda A., Messina A. et al. 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