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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Human Physiology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Human Physiology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Физиология человека</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0131-1646</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-6150</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">689904</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0131164625040082</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">MSBKHH</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The dynamics of the baseline brain state vary among different subjects under the influence of cognitive tests and blood glucose levels changes</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Динамика фонового состояния мозга варьирует у разных испытуемых под влиянием когнитивной нагрузки и повышения уровня глюкозы в крови</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galperina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гальперина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kruchinina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кручинина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Chiligina</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чилигина</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Trifonov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трифонов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozhkov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рожков</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galperina-e@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт эволюционной физиологии и биохимии имени И.М. Сеченова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский государственный педагогический университет имени А.И. Герцена</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-04" publication-format="electronic"><day>04</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>51</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>110</fpage><lpage>128</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-08-26"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-26"><day>26</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/689904">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0131-1646/article/view/689904</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Based on individualized resting EEG analysis, we studied how changes in blood glucose levels as well as performance of a cognitive task affect the background brain state. Twenty-four healthy adults aged 18–35 performed a word classification test twice: once in a fasting state and once after glucose intake. EEG recordings were analyzed in resting-state conditions with eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO), before and after the test at each stage. Changes in integral parameters derived from the structural function of multichannel EEG were evaluated. These parameters served as measures of the spatial (pS) and temporal (pT) organization of EEG activity. Individual analysis revealed significant changes in pT and pS parameters in all participants due to increased glucose levels and the cognitive task, with a significant interaction effect between these factors. Group-averaged results masked these effects due to the variability in individual responses. On an individual level, performing the cognitive test after glucose intake led to a significant increase in pS for most participants, indicating higher differentiation and reduced spatial coherence of EEG processes. This was accompanied by a significant linear correlation between the increase in pS and the reduction in reaction time, suggesting heightened CNS activation. This effect was more pronounced in the eyes-open condition than with eyes closed. A positive correlation between fasting blood glucose levels and pT values was found. After the test, a tendency for pT to increase—reflecting reduced temporal coherence and potentially indicating enhanced functional flexibility of neural processes—was observed. The proposed method for calculating integral parameters that characterize spatial and temporal coherence in multichannel EEG can be used to monitor and study changes in the brain’s functional state during cognitive activity and the effects of substances affecting brain metabolism.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На основе индивидуализированного анализа электроэнцефалограммы (ЭЭГ) покоя изучали как изменения уровня глюкозы в крови, а также выполнение когнитивного задания влияют на фоновое состояние мозга. Изменение характеристик ЭЭГ мозга после приема глюкозы может быть связано как с активацией специфических механизмов когнитивной деятельности, так и с модификацией функционального состояния покоя, на фоне которого эта деятельность реализуется. Анализировали ЭЭГ 24 здоровых взрослых в состоянии спокойного бодрствования (с закрытыми и открытыми глазами) натощак и после приема раствора глюкозы, до и после выполнения теста на классификацию слов, обозначающих «съедобное» или «несъедобное». Оценивали изменения интегральных параметров, рассчитанных по структурной функции многоканальной ЭЭГ, которые служили мерой пространственной (<italic>pS</italic>) и временной (<italic>pT</italic>) упорядоченности ЭЭГ в целом. Результаты подчеркивают важность индивидуализированного подхода при анализе ЭЭГ-данных, так как усреднение по группе маскирует разнонаправленные реакции, особенно при изучении слабых физиологических воздействий, таких как колебания уровня глюкозы в пределах нормы. У большинства испытуемых показатель <italic>pS </italic>коррелировал с уменьшением времени реакции, указывая на повышение пространственной дифференциации активности мозга как маркера активации центральной нервной системы. <italic>pS</italic> является более стабильным маркером нейродинамических перестроек, связанных как с метаболическими изменениями, так и с когнитивной деятельностью. При этом <italic>pT</italic> оказался менее чувствителен к исследуемым факторам, что позволяет предположить его устойчивость к умеренным физиологическим воздействиям и подтверждает его роль в оценке адаптивности нервных процессов. Полученные данные расширяют понимание роли глюкозы в модуляции нейрофизиологических процессов, демонстрируя ее влияние на фоновую активность мозга и когнитивную эффективность, а также сложное взаимодействие этих факторов. Результаты имеют значение для разработки персонализированных подходов в нейронауках и клинической практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>background EEG</kwd><kwd>integral parameters of multichannel EEG</kwd><kwd>glucose</kwd><kwd>cognitive load</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фоновая ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>интегральные параметры многоканальной ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>глюкоза</kwd><kwd>когнитивная нагрузка</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">The Russian Government</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>075-00263-25-00</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsitseroshin M.N., Shepovalnikov A.N. 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