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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биоорганическая химия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0132-3423</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1998-2860</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">683095</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0132342325010047</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LZVQOE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Comparison of methods for rapid determination of cholesterol concentration in human sperm membrane in clinical laboratory practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнение методов определения концентрации холестерина в мембране сперматозоидов человека для экспресс-анализа в условиях клинической лаборатории</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миронова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasyeva</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьева</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sybachin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сыбачин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Spiridonov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спиридонов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bolshakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Большаков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>agm90@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Human Reproduction Clinic “Altravita” (LLC “ECO CENTER”)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника репродукции человека “Альтравита” (ООО “ЭКО ЦЕНТР”)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биохимической физики им. Н.М. Эмануэля РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Physics, Department of Biophysics</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, физический факультет, кафедра биофизики</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of High Molecular Compounds</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова, химический факультет, кафедра высокомолекулярных соединений</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">FSBI “Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУН “Федеральный исследовательский центр “Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований” РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>51</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0132-3423/article/view/683095">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0132-3423/article/view/683095</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study proposes a rapid method for the determination of cholesterol in human sperm membranes suitable for use in the clinical laboratory. Four physicochemical methods for the quantitative measurement of cholesterol were selected for comparison: the enzymatic cholesterol assay, the Liberman–Burkhardt method, the infrared spectroscopy and the high-performance liquid chromatography. The following cholesterol concentrations were obtained: 1.0 ± 0.3, 1.32 ± 0.15, 5.1 ± 1.8, and 1.53 ± 0.18 nmol/10<sup>6</sup> cells, respectively. The following criteria of the applicability of the method were chosen: the amount of material to be analyzed, determined by the number of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid of a single ejaculate of a patient, the number of sample preparation steps that account for the systematic error of the analysis, and the total time of the analysis. The infrared spectroscopy method requires at least 20 mg of cellular sample, which is unrealizable for estimating cholesterol in sperm membranes of a single patient. The Liberman–Burkhardt and high-performance liquid chromatography methods require multi-step sample preparation and the use of aggressive volatile reagents. In turn, the enzymatic assay is optimal for the considered criteria, it allows rapid analysis of cholesterol in the sperm membrane of a single patient, and is suitable for use within the in vitro fertilization laboratory.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В результате сравнения четырех методов количественного анализа холестерина метод ферментативно-колориметрической детекции предложен в качестве метода экспресс-анализа холестерина в мембранах сперматозоидов человека в условиях клинической лаборатории. Для сравнения были выбраны четыре физико-химических метода определения концентрации холестерина: ферментативно-колориметрической детекции, Либeрмана–Бурхарда, инфракрасной спектроскопии и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии. Были получены следующие усредненные по выборкам концентрации холестерина: 1.0 ± 0.3, 1.32 ± 0.15, 5.1 ± 1.8 и 1.53 ± 0.18 нмоль/10<sup>6</sup> клеток соответственно. Для оценки применимости метода были выбраны следующие критерии: количество материала для анализа, определяющееся количеством сперматозоидов в семенной жидкости единичного эякулята пациента или донора, количество этапов пробоподготовки, обусловливающее систематическую ошибку анализа, а также общее время анализа. Установлено, что метод инфракрасной спектроскопии требует использования не менее 20 мг клеточного образца, что нереализуемо для оценки холестерина в мембранах сперматозоидов у отдельно взятого пациента или донора. Методы Либeрмана–Бурхарда и высокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии требуют многоэтапной пробоподготовки и использования агрессивных летучих реактивов. В свою очередь, метод ферментативно-колориметрической детекции оптимален для рассмотренных критериев, позволяет проводить экспресс-анализ холестерина у отдельно взятого пациента или донора и подходит для использования в пределах лаборатории экстракорпорального оплодотворения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cholesterol</kwd><kwd>sperm</kwd><kwd>membrane</kwd><kwd>chromatography</kwd><kwd>infrared spertroscopy</kwd><kwd>Lieberman–Burkhard reaction</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>холестерин</kwd><kwd>сперматозоид</kwd><kwd>мембрана</kwd><kwd>хроматография</kwd><kwd>ИК-спектроскопия</kwd><kwd>реакция Либермана–Бурхарда</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Проекта 23-Ш01-15 междисциплинарной научно-образовательной школы МГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова “Фундаментальные и прикладные исследования космоса”</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Project 23-Ш01-15 of the interdisciplinary scientific and educational school of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov “Fundamental and Applied Space Research”</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Marquardt D., Kučerka N., Wassall S.R., Harroun T.A., Katsaras J. // Chem. Phys. Lipids. 2016. V. 199. P. 17–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.04.001</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Subczynski W.K., Pasenkiewicz-Gierula M., Widomska J., Mainali L., Raguz M. // Cell Biochem. Biophys. 2017. V. 75. 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