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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биоорганическая химия</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0132-3423</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">1998-2860</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">683098</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0132342325010074</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">LZMQKQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Live-cell visualization of histone modification using bimolecular complementation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение бимолекулярной флуоресцентной комплементации для визуализации гистоновых модификаций в живых клетках</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Putlyaeva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Путляева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andrushkin</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андрушкин</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranov</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранов</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurskaya</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурская</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukyanov</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукьянов</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>gurskayanadya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Сколковский институт науки и технологии, Центр молекулярной и клеточной биологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биоорганической химии им. акад. М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-02-15" publication-format="electronic"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>51</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-06-05"><day>05</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0132-3423/article/view/683098">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0132-3423/article/view/683098</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Epigenetic modifications of histones in human, animal, and other eukaryotic cells play a crucial role in regulating gene expression. Histones can undergo a variety of post-translational modifications in different combinations, including methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and others at various amino acid residues, which determine the functional state of a given chromatin locus. Changes in epigenetic modifications accompany all normal and pathological cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, cancer transformation, and more. Currently, the development and application of new methods for analyzing the epigenome at the single-cell level, including in live cells, are particularly relevant. In this study, new sensor systems were developed for visualizing epigenetic modifications H3K9me3 (trimethylated Lys9), H3K9ac (acetylated Lys9), and the spatial colocalization of H3K9me3 with H3K9ac, based on fluorogenic dyes. The creation of these sensors involved the use of splitFAST system as well as the histone natural reader domains MPP8 and AF9. Adding the fluorogens HMBR and N871b to the cell medium allowed for the detection of clearly distinguishable fluorescence patterns in the green and red channels, respectively. We also performed the analysis of the obtained fluorescent images using the LiveMIEL (Live-cell Microscopic Imaging of Epigenetic Landscape) computational method. Clustering of the resulting data showed agreement with the expected class labels corresponding to the presence of H3K9me3, H3K9ac, and the spatial colocalization of H3K9me3 and H3K9ac in the nucleus. The developed sensors can be effectively used to study histone modifications in various cellular processes, as well as in investigating disease development mechanisms.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Эпигенетические модификации гистонов в составе хроматина в клетках человека, животных и других эукариотических организмов играют ключевую роль в регуляции экспрессии генов. Гистоны могут подвергаться разнообразным посттрансляционным модификациям в различных комбинациях (включая метилирование, ацетилирование, фосфорилирование и др.) по различным аминокислотным остаткам, что определяет функциональное состояние данного локуса хроматина. Изменение эпигенетических модификаций сопровождает все нормальные и патологические клеточные процессы, включая пролиферацию, дифференцировку, раковую трансформацию и др. На сегодняшний день особенно актуальны разработка и применение новых методов анализа эпигенома на уровне единичных клеток, в том числе живых клеток. В данной работе были получены новые сенсорные системы для визуализации эпигенетических модификаций H3K9me3 (триметилированный Lys9), H3K9ac (ацетилированный Lys9) и пространственного сближения H3K9me3 c H3K9ac, основанные на флуорогенных красителях. Для создания сенсоров были использованы последовательности белка splitFAST, а также природные ридерные белковые домены MPP8 и AF9. Добавление в клеточную среду флуорогенов HMBR и N871b позволило детектировать ясно различимые паттерны флуоресценции в зеленом и красном каналах соответственно. Нами также был проведен обсчет полученных флуоресцентных изображений с помощью компьютерного метода анализа LiveMIEL (Live-cell Microscopic Imaging of Epigenetic Landscape). Кластеризация полученных данных показала хорошее согласование с предполагаемыми метками классов, соответствующих представленности H3K9me3, H3K9ac и пространственному сближению H3K9me3 и H3K9ac в ядре. Разработанные сенсоры могут быть эффективно использованы для изучения гистоновых модификаций в различных клеточных процессах, а также в исследовании механизмов развития заболеваний.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>genetically encoded sensor</kwd><kwd>H3K9me3</kwd><kwd>H3K9ac</kwd><kwd>epigenetic regulation</kwd><kwd>splitFAST, FAST</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>генетически кодируемый сенсор</kwd><kwd>H3K9me3</kwd><kwd>H3K9ac</kwd><kwd>эпигенетическая регуляция</kwd><kwd>splitFAST</kwd><kwd>FAST</kwd><kwd>флуороген-активирующие белки</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>22-14-00141</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Millán-Zambrano G., Burton A., Bannister A.J., Schneider R. // Nat. 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