Earth Research from SpaceEarth Research from SpaceИсследование Земли из космоса0205-96143034-5405The Russian Academy of Sciences1272310.31857/S0205-9614201923-13ФИЗИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗЕМЛИ ИЗ КОСМОСАResearch ArticleOn evaluation of depth of soil freezing based on Smos satellite dataОценка глубины промерзания почвенного покрова по данным спутника SmosBoyarskiiD. A.БоярскийД. А.
Russian Federation
dboyarski@rambler.ruRomanovA. N.РомановА. Н.
Russian Federation
dboyarski@rambler.ruKhvostovI. V.ХвостовИ. В.
Russian Federation
dboyarski@rambler.ruTikhonovV. V.ТихоновВ. В.
Russian Federation
dboyarski@rambler.ruSharkovE. A.ШарковЕ. А.
Russian Federation
dboyarski@rambler.ruInstitute of Space Research, Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут космических исследований РАНInstitute of Water and Environmental Problems SB RASИнститут водных и экологических проблем СО РАНMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет)21052019231319052019Copyright ©; 2019, Russian academy of sciencesCopyright ©; 2019, Российская академия наук2019Russian academy of sciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0205-9614/article/view/12723

The results of a comparative analysis of the brightness temperatures determined from the SMOS satellite and the corresponding depths of soil freezing, measured at weather stations located at the test sites of the Kulunda Plain, are presented. Based on the daily satellite measurement of brightness temperature, the effect of soil freezing on the microwave radiation of the underlying surface was studied. A theoretical calculation of the dependence of soil brightness temperature on the depth of freezing is performed with the model of microwave radiation of a plane-layered inhomogeneous non-isothermal medium. The real parameters of the Kulunda plain soil as well as the climatic characteristics of the sites under study, obtained from the weather stations for the same period, were used as the input parameters of the model. The analysis of satellite, field and model data showed that the evaluation of the depth of soil freezing with satellite microwave radiometry is limited by the need to conduct the contact measurements of physical properties of soil in the areas, for which the SMOS product on the brightness temperature is given.

Приведены результаты сравнительного анализа яркостных температур, полученных спутником SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity), и соответствующих им глубин промерзания почвы, измеренных на метеостанциях, расположенных на тестовых участках Кулундинской равнины. На основе ежедневных спутниковых измерений яркостных температур изучено влияние процессов промерзания почвы на микроволновое излучение подстилающей поверхности. С использованием модели микроволнового излучения плоскослоистой неоднородной, неизотермической среды выполнен теоретический расчет зависимости яркостной температуры почвы от глубины промерзания. В качестве входных параметров модели использовались реальные параметры почв Кулундинской равнины, а также климатические характеристики исследуемых областей, полученные на метеостанциях за этот же период. Из анализа спутниковых и полевых данных, а также модельных расчетов следует, что для оценки глубины промерзания почвы по ежедневным данным спутниковой микроволновой радиометрии необходимо знать дату начала замерзания почвенного покрова, а также диэлектрические характеристики мерзлой и незамерзшей почвы на тех участках, по которым выдается продукт SMOS по яркостной температуре. На основе спутниковых данных и модели микроволнового излучения почвы с верхним мерзлым слоем предложен способ определения глубины промерзания почвенного покрова.

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