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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Earth Research from Space</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Earth Research from Space</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Исследование Земли из космоса</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0205-9614</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5405</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">15712</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0205-96142019429-39</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ КОСМИЧЕСКОЙ ИНФОРМАЦИИ О ЗЕМЛЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">On the changes in the sea surface temperature in the benguela upwelling region. Part 2: the long-term tendencies</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Об изменении температуры поверхности океана в зоне бенгельского апвеллинга. Часть 2: многолетние тенденции</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Polonsky</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полонский</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>apolonsky5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Serebrennikov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Серебренников</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>apolonsky5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Natural and Technical Systems</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт природно-технических систем</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Branch of Moscow State University in Sevastopol</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Филиал МГУ в г. Севастополе</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Sevastopol State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Севастопольский государственный университет</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2019-08-17" publication-format="electronic"><day>17</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2019-08-15"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2019</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2019, Russian academy of sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2019, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian academy of sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0205-9614/article/view/15712">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0205-9614/article/view/15712</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper examines the issue on the long-term trends in the sea surface temperature (SST) in the Benguela upwelling zone and their causes using the daily SST satellite data for 1985–2017’s and the daily near-surface wind for 1988–2017”s. It is shown that in the Benguela upwelling region, there is a significant intensification of driving winds in the last 20 yrs. This is accompanied by a decrease of the thermal upwelling index (taking into account the sign of the index or an increase of its absolute values) in the southern part of the Benguela upwelling, but practically does not influence this indicator in its northern part. The likely reason for this difference is the change in the wind field structure, as a result of which there are opposite trends in the magnitude of the vorticity of the tangential wind stress in different parts of the Benguela upwelling. In the southern part of the Benguela upwelling, both the Ekman’s upwelling and the vertical velocities due to the vorticity of the driving wind intensify, while in the northern part the corresponding trends have the opposite signs. This leads to a partial compensation of these two effects in the northern part of the Benguela upwelling. The reason for the change in the wind field structure is the displacement of the center of the Subtropical High to the south-east and the concomitant reversal of the near-surface wind vector in the coastal zone.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В работе исследуется вопрос о многолетних тенденциях в изменении температуры поверхности океана в зоне Бенгельского апвеллинга и их причинах на основе ежедневной спутниковой информации о температуре поверхности океана за 1985–2017 гг. и приповерхностном ветре за 1988–2017 гг. Показано, что в области Бенгельского апвеллинга в последние 20 лет наблюдается значимое усиление сгонных ветров. Это сопровождается уменьшением термического индекса апвеллинга (с учетом знака индекса или увеличением его абсолютных значений) в южной части Бенгельского апвеллинга, но практически не влияет на этот показатель в северной его части. Вероятная причина отмеченного различия заключается в изменении структуры поля ветра, вследствие которого отмечаются противоположные по знаку тренды в величине завихренности касательного напряжения трения ветра в различных частях Бенгельского апвеллинга. В южной части Бенгельского апвеллинга и сгонный апвеллинг, и вертикальные скорости, обусловленные завихренностью приводного ветра, интенсифицируются, а в северной его части соответствующие тренды имеют противоположные знаки. Это приводит к частичной компенсации этих двух эффектов в северной части Бенгельского апвеллинга. Причиной изменения структуры поля ветра является смещение центра Субтропического максимума давления на юго-восток и сопутствующий разворот векторов приповерхностного ветра в прибрежной зоне.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>upwelling</kwd><kwd>sea surface temperature</kwd><kwd>near-surface wind</kwd><kwd>upwelling thermal index</kwd><kwd>Ekman transfer</kwd><kwd>Ekman pumping</kwd><kwd>climate temperature trends</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>апвеллинг</kwd><kwd>температура поверхности океана</kwd><kwd>приповерхностный ветер</kwd><kwd>термический индекс апвеллинга</kwd><kwd>экмановский перенос</kwd><kwd>экмановская накачка</kwd><kwd>климатические тренды температуры</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><award-id></award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Backeberg B.C., Penven P., Rouault M. Impact of intensified Indian Ocean winds on mesoscale variability in the Agulhas system // Nat. 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