Membrane and Cell BiologyMembrane and Cell BiologyБиологические мембраны0233-47553034-5219The Russian Academy of Sciences66742510.31857/S0233475524050082cbiqobОБЗОРЫReview ArticleCell membrane cholesterol and regulation of cellular processes: new and the same old thingХолестерин клеточных мембран и регуляция клеточных процессов: новое и хорошо забытое староеDunina-BarkovskayaA. Y.Дунина-БарковскаяА. Я.
Russian Federation
dunina.aya@gmail.comShemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of SciencesИнститут биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова РАН04112024415-645447226022025Copyright ©; 2024, The Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук2024The Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0233-4755/article/view/667425

Membranes of living cells, or biological membranes, are unique molecular systems in which the functioning of all molecules is interdependent and coordinated, and disruption of this coordination can be fatal for the cell. One example of such coordination and mutual regulation is the functioning of membrane proteins, whose activity depends on their interaction with membrane lipids. This review summarizes the facts about the importance of the cholesterol component of cell membranes for the normal functioning of membrane proteins and the whole cell. This lipid component provides fine regulation of a variety of cellular functions and provides clues to understanding changes in the activity of a number of proteins under various physiologic and pathologic conditions. This review provides examples of cholesterol-dependent membrane proteins and cellular processes and discusses their role in several pathologies. Understanding the mechanisms of cholesterol-protein interactions represents a significant resource for the development of drugs that affect the cholesterol-protein interface.

Мембраны живых клеток, или биологические мембраны, – это уникальные молекулярные системы, в которых функционирование всех молекул взаимозависимо и скоординировано, и нарушение этой координации может быть фатально для клетки. Одним из примеров такой координации и взаимной регуляции является функционирование мембранных белков, активность которых зависит от их взаимодействия с мембранными липидами. Данный обзор суммирует факты о значении холестеринового компонента клеточных мембран для нормального функционирования мембранных белков и клетки в целом. Этот липидный компонент обеспечивает тонкую регуляцию разнообразных клеточных функций и дает ключ к пониманию изменения активности ряда белков в различных физиологических и патологических условиях. В обзоре приводятся примеры холестерин-зависимых мембранных белков и клеточных процессов, а также рассматривается их роль при некоторых патологиях. Понимание механизмов холестерин-белковых взаимодействий может быть полезно для разработки лекарственных средств, влияющих на эти взаимодействия.

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