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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Membrane and Cell Biology</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Membrane and Cell Biology</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Биологические мембраны</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0233-4755</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5219</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">680869</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0233475525020029</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">UFTSLK</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Fast Transfer of Photoreleased Protons from Water to Lipid Membrane</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Быстрый перенос фотовысвобождаемых протонов из воды в липидную мембрану</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tashkin</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ташкин</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sokolovvs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zykova</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зыкова</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sokolovvs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozdeeva</surname><given-names>L. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поздеева</surname><given-names>Л. Е.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sokolovvs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>sokolovvs@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физической химии и электрохимии им. А.Н. Фрумкина РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский физико-технический институт (национальный исследовательский университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-05-19" publication-format="electronic"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>42</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-28"><day>28</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, The Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0233-4755/article/view/680869">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0233-4755/article/view/680869</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The transfer of protons between the surface of lipid membrane and water can be slowed down by the presence of a high potential barrier, which affects the functioning of proton-transporting proteins. To evaluate the rate of the proton transfer across the barrier, the photoactivatable compounds that can adsorb on the membrane boundary and release protons upon excitation are used. One of these compounds, which we studied earlier, sodium salt of 2-methoxy-5-nitrophenylsulfate (MNPS), was used in this work. The molecule of MNPS can adsorb on the bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) as anion and release sulfate and proton upon excitation with UV light, becoming an electroneutral product. Upon illumination of the BLM, on one side of which MNPS anions were adsorbed, changes in the electrostatic potential at the membrane–water interface were observed. The slow changes of the potential were measured by the intramembrane field compensation method and the fast changes, by the operational amplifier as an electrometer. When the light was switched on, the potential increased rapidly, and when the light was switched off, the potential slowly returned to its initial value. The rate of rapid potential increase depended on the lipid composition of BLM, buffer concentration, and pH of the medium. The dependence of this rate on pH was different for BLMs formed from phosphatidylcholine and its mixture with phosphatidylserine. With increasing buffer concentration, the rate decreased tens of times. The results obtained indicate that the reaction of proton release formed during the excitation of MNPS molecules occurs both on the membrane surface and in the water near it. The main contribution to the change in the electrostatic potential at the membrane boundary is given by protons bound at its surface from the reaction in water.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Перенос протонов между границей мембраны и водой может быть затруднен из-за наличия высокого потенциального барьера, что влияет на их транспорт через мембрану мембранными белками. Для оценки скорости переноса протонов через этот барьер используют фотоактивируемые соединения, молекулы которых могут адсорбироваться на границе мембраны и освобождать протоны при возбуждении. Нами изучалось такое соединение – 2-метокси-5-нитрофенилсульфат натрия (MNPS). Его молекула способна адсорбироваться на бислойной липидной мембране (БЛМ) в виде аниона и при возбуждении УФ светом освобождать сульфат и протон, превращаясь в электронейтральный продукт. При освещении БЛМ, с одной стороны которой были адсорбированы анионы MNPS, наблюдались изменения электростатического потенциала на границе мембраны с водой. Медленные изменения потенциала измеряли методом компенсации внутримембранного поля, быстрые – с помощью электрометрического усилителя. При включении света происходило быстрое возрастание потенциала, при выключении – его медленный возврат к первоначальному значению. Скорость быстрого возрастания потенциала зависела от липидного состава БЛМ, концентрации буфера и рН среды. Зависимость этой скорости от рН была различной для БЛМ, сформированных из фосфатидилхолина и его смеси с фосфатидилсерином. При увеличении концентрации буфера скорость уменьшалась в десятки раз. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что реакция выделения протонов, образовавшихся при возбуждении молекул MNPS, происходит как на поверхности мембраны, так и в воде около нее. Протоны, образующиеся в воде и связавшиеся на БЛМ, дают основной вклад в изменение электростатического потенциала на границе мембраны, значительно превышающий вклад анионов MNPS, уходящих с мембраны в раствор.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bilayer lipid membrane</kwd><kwd>surface potential</kwd><kwd>adsorption</kwd><kwd>protons on the surface of the membrane</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бислойная липидная мембрана</kwd><kwd>поверхностный потенциал</kwd><kwd>адсорбция</kwd><kwd>протоны на поверхности мембраны</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>23-24-00571</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Cherepanov D.A., Feniouk B.A., Junge W., Mulkidjanian A.Y. 2003. 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