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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sensory Systems</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sensory Systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сенсорные системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5936</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">675767</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0235009224040017</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">ADGVBE</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Mechanical stimulation of the soles support zones as a countermeasure of negative effects of motor unloading</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Механическая стимуляция опорных зон стоп как средство предотвращения негативных последствий двигательной разгрузки</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Bekreneva</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бекренева</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савеко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurbanova</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курбанова</surname><given-names>О. Э.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Riabova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shigueva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шигуева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Tomilovskaya</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Томиловская</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mbekreneva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – Institute of Biomedical Problems of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации – Институт медико-биологических проблем Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-12" publication-format="electronic"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>3</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-28"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0092/article/view/675767">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0092/article/view/675767</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Phenomena that occur in response to a decrease in support afferentation, such as a reflex decrease in muscle tone, structural changes in the muscular periphery, and impaired coordination of movements, were observed both in microgravity and in ground-based models of its physiological effects, as well as in immobilized patients and the elderly. The discovery of the concept of the trigger role of support afferentation in the activity of postural-tonic muscle system led to the development of methods of the support stimulation as a countermeasure for the motor unloading negative consequences. This review aims to discuss the results of applying the method of mechanical stimulation of the soles support zones to mitigate negative consequences of the support and motor unloading in space and ground-based medical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Явления, возникающие в ответ на снижение уровня опорной афферентации, – рефлекторное снижение мышечного тонуса, структурные изменения мышечной периферии, нарушения координации движений – наблюдаются как в условиях невесомости и наземных моделях ее физиологических эффектов, так и у иммобилизованных пациентов, пожилых людей. Формирование концепции триггерной роли опорной афферентации в работе позно-тонической мышечной системы послужило толчком для развития метода опорной стимуляции в качестве меры профилактики негативных последствий двигательной разгрузки.</p> <p>Данный обзор посвящен рассмотрению результатов применения метода механической стимуляции опорных зон стоп в предотвращении негативных последствий опорной и двигательной разгрузки в практике космической и земной медицины.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>support afferentation</kwd><kwd>support stimulation</kwd><kwd>motor unloading</kwd><kwd>microgravity</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опорная афферентация</kwd><kwd>опорная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>двигательная разгрузка</kwd><kwd>микрогравитация</kwd><kwd>реабилитация</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Российский научный фонд</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Science Foundation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>24–15–00309</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vissarionov S. 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