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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Sensory Systems</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Sensory Systems</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сенсорные системы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0092</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5936</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">675783</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0235009224020041</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">DDOTRT</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading"><subject>СЛУХОВАЯ СИСТЕМА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Identification of speaker gender by voice characteristics under background of multi-talker noise</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Определение пола диктора по характеристикам голоса на фоне шума многоголосия</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Labutina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лабутина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ogorodnikovaea@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pak</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пак</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ogorodnikovaea@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ogorodnikova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Огородникова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>ogorodnikovaea@infran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова Российской академии наук</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>38</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-28"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2024, Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2024, Российская академия наук</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Russian Academy of Sciences</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Российская академия наук</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0092/article/view/675783">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0092/article/view/675783</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Psychophysical methods were used to study the features of identifying the gender of a speaker based on voice characteristics under conditions of speech-like interference and stimulation through headphones. We used a set of speech signals and multi-talker noise from experiments in a free sound field – a spatial scene (Andreeva et al., 2019). The set included 8 disyllabic words spoken by 4 speakers: 2 male and 2 female voices with average fundamental frequencies of 117, 139, 208 and 234 Hz. Multi-talker noise represented the result of mixing all audio files (8 words * 4 speakers). The signal-to-noise ratio was 1:1, which subjectively corresponded to the maximum noise level in the spatial scene (<italic>SNR</italic> = –14 dB). Adult subjects from 17 to 57 years old (<italic>n</italic> = 42) participated in the experiments. Additionally, 3 age subgroups were identified: 18.6±1.5 years (<italic>n</italic> = 27); 28±4.1 years (<italic>n</italic> = 7); 46±5.4 years (<italic>n</italic> = 8). All subjects had normal hearing. The results of the study and their comparison with the data of mentioned work confirmed the importance of voice characteristics for the auditory analysis of complex spatial (free sound field) and non-spatial (headphones) scenes, and also demonstrated the role of mechanisms of the masking and binaural perception, in particular, the high-frequency mechanism of spatial hearing. A relation the perceptual assessment of the gender by voice in noise and the age of the subjects and the gender of the speakers (male/female voice) was also found. The results are of practical importance for the organization of hearing-speech training, early detection of speech hearing interference immunity impairment, as well as the development of noise-resistant systems for automatic speaker verification and hearing aid technologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Психофозическими методами исследовали особенности опознания пола диктора по характеристикам голоса в условиях действия речеподобной помехи и стимуляции через головные телефоны. Использовали набор речевых сигналов и шум многоголосия из экспериментов в свободном звуковом поле – пространственной сцене (Andreeva et al., 2019). В набор входили 8 двусложных слов, произнесенных 4 дикторами: 2 мужских и 2 женских голоса со средней частотой основного тона 117, 139, 208 и 234 Гц. Шум многоголосия представлял результат микширования всех аудиофайлов (8 слов × 4 диктора). Соотношение сигнал/шум составляло 1:1, что субъективно соответствовало макимальному уровню зашумления в пространственной сцене (SNR = –14 дБ). В экспериментах участвовали 42 взрослых испытуемых (от 17 до 57 лет). Дополнительно выделяли 3 возрастных подгруппы: 18.6±1.5 лет (<italic>n</italic> = 27); 28±4.1 лет (<italic>n</italic> = 7); 46±5.4 лет (<italic>n</italic> = 8). Все испытуемые обладали нормальным слухом. Результаты исследования и их сравнения с данными указанной работы подтвердили значимость характеристик голоса для слухового анализа сложных пространственных (свободное звуковое поле) и непространственных (головные телефоны) сцен, а также продемонстрировали роль механизмов маскировки и бинаурального восприятия, в частности высокочастотного механизма пространственного слуха. Кроме того, обнаружена зависимость перцептивной оценки гендерных характеристик голоса в шуме от возраста испытуемых и пола дикторов (мужской или женский голос). Результаты имеют практическое значение для организации слухоречевого тренинга, ранней диагностики нарушений помехоустойчивости речевого слуха, а также развития помехоустойчивых систем автоматической верификации дикторов и технологий слухопротезирования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>perception</kwd><kwd>voice</kwd><kwd>gender feature</kwd><kwd>imitation of a complex scene</kwd><kwd>noise</kwd><kwd>polyphony</kwd><kwd>spatial acoustic scene</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>восприятие</kwd><kwd>голос</kwd><kwd>гендерная особенность</kwd><kwd>имитация сложной сцены</kwd><kwd>шум</kwd><kwd>многоголосие</kwd><kwd>пространственная акустическая сцена</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><award-group><funding-source><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="ru">Правительство Российской Федерации</institution></institution-wrap><institution-wrap><institution xml:lang="en">Government of the Russian Federation</institution></institution-wrap></funding-source><award-id>1021062411645-5-3.1.8</award-id></award-group></funding-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balyakova A.A., Labutina O.V., Medvedev I.S., Pak S.P., Ogorodnikova Ye.A. 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