Sensory SystemsSensory SystemsСенсорные системы0235-00923034-5936The Russian Academy of Sciences67580210.31857/S0235009223030046ZWRQFKОБЗОРЫRetinal electronic prosthesesЗрительные электронные протезыFirsovM. L.ФирсовМ. Л.Michael.Firsov@gmail.comSechenov Institute for evolutionary physiology and biochemistry, Russian academy of sciencesИнститут эволюционной физиологии и биохимии им. И.М. Сеченова РАН0107202337320521728022025Copyright ©; 2023, Russian Academy of SciencesCopyright ©; 2023, Российская академия наук2023Russian Academy of SciencesРоссийская академия наукhttps://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0092/article/view/675802

Electronic retinal implants are a promising technology for partially restoring vision after severe neurodegenerative diseases. The basic idea is to replace damaged photoreceptors with electronic devices that convert light signals into electrical impulses stimulating bipolar or ganglion cells in the retina. In this review, we will look at the history of this technology, the current state of the art, and the different designs and operating principles of retinal implants.

Электронные импланты в сетчатке представляют собой многообещающую технологию для частичного восстановления зрения при тяжелых нейродегенеративных заболеваниях. Их основная идея заключается в том, что они заменяют поврежденные фоторецепторы электронными устройствами, которые преобразовывают световые сигналы в электрические импульсы, стимулирующие биполярные или ганглиозные клетки сетчатки. В настоящем обзоре рассмотрены история создания этой технологии и современное состояние дел в этой области, а также различные варианты конструкций и принципы работы ретинальных имплантов.

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