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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Melts</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Melts</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Расплавы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5715</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">661270</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0235010623050110</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">YUNHEQ</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">ELECTROREDUCTION OF NICKEL(II) CHLORIDE, COBALT(II) FLUORIDE AND MOLYBDENUM(VI) OXIDE MIXTURES IN A HEAT ACTIVATED BATTERY</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Электровосстановление смесей хлорида никеля(II), фторида кобальта(II) и оксида молибдена(VI) в термоактивируемом химическом источнике тока</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olga@ihte.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olga@ihte.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pershina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Першина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olga@ihte.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>B. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонов</surname><given-names>Б. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olga@ihte.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Pankratov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панкратов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>olga@ihte.uran.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of High-Temperature Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch of RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт высокотемпературной электрохимии УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-09-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>5</issue><fpage>540</fpage><lpage>549</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, О.В. Волкова, В.В. Захаров, С.В. Першина, Б.Д. Антонов, А.А. Панкратов</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, О.В. Волкова, В.В. Захаров, С.В. Першина, Б.Д. Антонов, А.А. Панкратов</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">О.В. Волкова, В.В. Захаров, С.В. Першина, Б.Д. Антонов, А.А. Панкратов</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">О.В. Волкова, В.В. Захаров, С.В. Першина, Б.Д. Антонов, А.А. Панкратов</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0106/article/view/661270">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0106/article/view/661270</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324924976">The discharge characteristics of the elements of a thermally activated chemical current source (HAB) containing NiCl<sub>2</sub>–CoF<sub>2</sub>–MoO<sub>3</sub> mixtures as a positive electrode are investigated. It is established that molybdenum oxide stabilizes the discharge plateau and increases the discharge voltage at temperatures above 530°C. The discharge curve has a stepwise character. The number of steps of the discharge curve is determined by the operating conditions of HAB. The low-voltage stage (less than 0.4 V) corresponds to the reduction of lithium molybdates, which are formed by the interaction of molybdenum oxide with the reduction products of transition metal halides. A study of the cathode reduction products by the methods of XRD, STA and SEM was carried out. It is established that during the discharge of the HAB element, the initial components of the cathode mixture are restored to metals that form a dendritic matrix. The DSC curves of the salt fraction formed during electrochemical reactions have a number of thermal effects corresponding to the temperatures of joint melting of a triple mixture of lithium halides LiF–LiCl–LiBr and eutectic dual systems LiF–LiCl, LiCl–Li<sub>2</sub>O, in which transition metal halides and lithium molybdates are dissolved.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324925312">Исследованы разрядные характеристики элементов термоактивируемого химического источника тока (ТХИТ), содержащих в качестве положительного электрода смеси NiCl<sub>2</sub>–CoF<sub>2</sub>–MoO<sub>3</sub>. Установлено, что оксид молибдена стабилизирует разрядное плато и повышает напряжение разряда, при температурах выше 530°С. Разрядная кривая имеет ступенчатый характер. Количество ступеней разрядной кривой определяется условиями работы ТХИТ. Низковольтная ступень (менее 0.4 В), соответствует восстановлению молибдатов лития, которые образуются при взаимодействии оксида молибдена с продуктами восстановления галогенидов переходных металлов. Проведено исследование продуктов восстановления катодной смеси методами РФА, СТА и РЭМ. Установлено, что в процессе разряда элемента ТХИТ происходит восстановление исходных компонентов катодной смеси до металлов, которые формируют дендритную матрицу. ДСК кривые солевой фракции, образующейся в процессе электрохимических реакций, имеют ряд термоэффектов, соответствующих температурам совместного плавления тройной смеси галогенидов лития LiF–LiCl–LiBr и эвтектик двойных систем LiF–LiCl, LiCl–Li<sub>2</sub>O, в которых растворены галогениды переходных металлов и молибдаты лития.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>heat activated battery</kwd><kwd>cathode</kwd><kwd>cobalt fluoride</kwd><kwd>nickel chloride</kwd><kwd>molybdenum oxide</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>термоактивируемые химические источники тока</kwd><kwd>катод</kwd><kwd>фторид кобальта</kwd><kwd>хлорид никеля</kwd><kwd>оксид молибдена</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Masset P.J., Guidotti R.A.Thermal activated (“thermal) battery technology Part IIIa: FeS2 cathode material // J. Power Sources. 2008. 177. 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