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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Melts</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Melts</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Расплавы</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">0235-0106</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">3034-5715</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">The Russian Academy of Sciences</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">661281</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31857/S0235010623040084</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="edn">XEPZTD</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Articles</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">PRODUCING METHOD OF HIGH ENTROPY CARBIDE IN AN IONIC MELT</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Способ получения высокоэнтропийного карбида в ионном расплаве</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Varaksin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вараксин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vorax@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vorax@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rempel</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ремпель</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>vorax@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Metallurgy of the Ural Branch of the RAS</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт металлургии УрО РАН</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-01" publication-format="electronic"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><fpage>396</fpage><lpage>405</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-02-25"><day>25</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2023, А.В. Вараксин, С.А. Петрова, А.А. Ремпель</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2023, А.В. Вараксин, С.А. Петрова, А.А. Ремпель</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">А.В. Вараксин, С.А. Петрова, А.А. Ремпель</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А.В. Вараксин, С.А. Петрова, А.А. Ремпель</copyright-holder></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0106/article/view/661281">https://journals.eco-vector.com/0235-0106/article/view/661281</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p id="idm45181324439168">Refractory metal carbides TiC, ZrC, HfC, NbC and TaC have excellent physical, chemical and mechanical properties as materials for ultra-high temperature ceramics. Of these, the most refractory are TaC and HfC, whose melting points approach 4000°C. It should be noted the high hardness, strength and wear resistance of refractory carbides. Hence, there is a natural interest in high-entropy carbides based on them, which are becoming an important class of new ceramic materials, since they potentially have more advanced applied properties. However, obtaining such materials by classical metallurgical methods is a difficult task. In modern research, samples of high-entropy carbides are most often synthesized using expensive special equipment (methods of plasma-spark sintering, high-energy planetary mills, etc.) and a relatively long preparation of precursors for sample production. This paper describes a new approach to the synthesis of multicomponent carbide (Ti<sub>0.2</sub>Zr<sub>0.2</sub>Hf<sub>0.2</sub>Nb<sub>0.2</sub>Ta<sub>0.2</sub>)C using an electrochemical process at a temperature not exceeding 1173 K. The method is based on the phenomenon of currentless metal transfer in molten salts. After the step-by-step transfer of metals, the sample was washed from the electrolyte, then sintered in a vacuum furnace. According to X-ray phase analysis, the resulting high-entropy carbide is a single-phase solid solution with an FCC structure. The diffraction pattern of the synthesized sample is in good agreement with the calculated diffraction pattern obtained by the Debye formula for a supercell of 64 000 atoms. A compact sample of high-entropy carbide was produced by pressing a tablet 10 mm in diameter with the addition of cobalt as a matrix metal. After vacuum sintering, the sample was ground to prepare for examination on a scanning electron microscope. Elemental mapping of the sample surface was performed, which showed a satisfactory distribution of metals that make up the high-entropy carbide. The measured microhardness of the sample turned out to be less than the values found in the publications of other authors, which may be due to some residual sample porosity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p id="idm45181324434816">Карбиды тугоплавких металлов TiC, ZrC, HfC, NbC и TaC обладают превосходными физическими, химическими и механическими свойствами в качестве материалов для ультравысокотемпературной керамики. Из них наиболее тугоплавкими являются TaC и HfC, температуры плавления которых приближаются к 4000°C. Нельзя не отметить высокую твердость, прочность и износостойкость тугоплавких карбидов. Отсюда вытекает закономерный интерес к высокоэнтропийным карбидам на их основе, которые становятся важным классом новых керамических материалов, поскольку потенциально обладают более совершенными прикладными свойствами. Однако получение таких материалов классическими металлургическими методами является сложной задачей. В современных исследованиях чаще всего образцы высокоэнтропийных карбидов синтезируют, используя дорогостоящее специальное оборудование (методы плазменно-искрового спекания, высокоэнергетические планетарные мельницы и т.п.) и сравнительно длительную подготовку прекурсоров к производству образцов. В настоящей работе описывается новый подход к синтезу многокомпонентного карбида состава (Ti<sub>0.2</sub>Zr<sub>0.2</sub>Hf<sub>0.2</sub>Nb<sub>0.2</sub>Ta<sub>0.2</sub>)C с помощью электрохимического процесса при температуре, не превышающей 1173 K. Метод основан на явлении бестокового переноса металлов в расплавах солей. После проведения последовательного переноса металлов образец отмывался от электролита, затем спекался в вакуумной печи. По данным рентгенофазового анализа полученный высокоэнтропийный карбид представляет собой однофазный твердый раствор с ГЦК структурой. Дифрактограмма синтезированного образца имеет хорошее согласие с расчетной дифрактограммой, полученной по формуле Дебая для суперячейки из 64000 атомов. Компактный образец высокоэнтропийного карбида изготавливался прессованием в пресс-форме таблетки диаметром 10 мм с добавлением кобальта в качестве матричного металла. После вакуумного спекания образец подвергался шлифовке для подготовки к исследованию на сканирующем электронном микроскопе. Было выполнено элементное картирование поверхности образца, которое показало удовлетворительное распределение металлов, входящих в состав высокоэнтропийного карбида. Измеренная микротвердость образца оказалась меньше, чем встречающиеся значения в публикациях других авторов, что может быть связано с некоторой остаточной пористостью образца.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>high-entropy carbide</kwd><kwd>ionic melt</kwd><kwd>low-temperature synthesis</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высокоэнтропийный карбид</kwd><kwd>ионный расплав</kwd><kwd>низкотемпературный синтез</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1. Braic M., Braic V., Balaceanu M., Zoita C., Vladescu A., Grigore E. // Surf. Coat. Technol. 2010. 204. P. 2010–2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2009.10.049</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Braic M., Braic V., Balaceanu M., Zoita C., Vladescu A., Grigore E. // Surf. Coat. Technol. 2010. 204. 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